The flows of traded goods across countries are known to follow a gravity pattern: their volumes are greater between countries that are larger in size and closer to each other. We find a similar pattern in the flows of territories across countries between 1870 and 2008. During this period, countries experienced inflows and outflows of territories, mirroring the international flows of goods. We f...

We characterise the relationship between two network based oligopoly markets when local players share the interconnection’s ownership. To that purpose, we analyse the case of the Bacton (UK)-Zeebrugge (Belgium) natural gas pipeline using Vector Auto-regressive Representation techniques. We conclude that there is a threshold of capacity deployment after which the two local markets split. As a re...

The paper considers the location of two industries in two countries. Both industries are imperfectly competitive, producing goods for final consumption and use as intermediates. Intermediate usage creates cost and demand linkages between firms, encouraging industrial agglomeration. With high trade barriers each industry operates in both locations in order to supply final consumers. At lower tra...

This paper investigates the implications for international markets of the existence of retailers/wholesalers with market power. Two main results are shown. First, in the presence of buyer power trade liberalization may lead to retail market concentration. Due to this concentration retail prices may be higher and welfare may be lower in free trade than in autarky, thus reversing the standard e¤e...

Using annual bilateral data over the period 1988-2011 for a panel of 24 industrialised and emerging economies, we analyse in a time-varying framework the determinants of output synchronisation in EMU (European Monetary Union) distinguishing between core and peripheral member states. The results support the specialisation paradigm rather than the endogeneity hypothesis. Evidence is found in the ...

This essay reflects the thoughts and experience of two staff members. Mark Allen has been a resident representative in both Poland (1990–93) and Hungary (1996–1998), two countries that have moved well along the road of transformation. Rick Haas was the resident representative in Belarus (1996–98), a country where much remains to be done. In some respects they had similar experiences, in others ...

The study attempts to analyse the economy-wide impact of Indo-Pacific alliance between India and rest 45 participating members using computable general equilibrium (CGE) model. We introduce four simulation scenarios in first scenario is one which bilaterally liberalises trade terms both tariffs liberalisation alone then removal reduction non-tariff barriers together with all countries region. s...

This paper presents a review on design and control of automated guided vehicle systems. We address most key related issues including guide-path design, estimating the number of vehicles, vehicle scheduling, idle-vehicle positioning, battery management, vehicle routing, and conflict resolution. We discuss and classify important models and results from key publications in literature on automated ...

The international maritime industry is governed by strict international regulations managed by the International Maritime Organization (IMO). Maritime operations are inherently dangerous, with potentially very damaging consequences in terms of loss of lives, environmental consequences and economic loss. Operating at the highest levels of safety in a very competitive industry requires that ships...

Maritime cabotage is a legislation published by a particular coastal country, which is used to conduct the cargo transportation between its two domestic ports. This paper proposes a two-phase mathematical programming model to formulate the liner hub-and-spoke shipping network design problem subject to the maritime cabotage legislations, i.e., the hub location and feeder allocation problem for p...