Recent evidence has shown that antibiotic resistant bacteria (ARB) and antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) are ubiquitous in natural environments, including sites considered pristine. To understand the origin of ARGs and their dynamics, we must first define their actual presence in the natural bacterial assemblage. Here we found varying distribution profiles of sul genes in "colony forming bacte...

SAR11 bacteria are abundant in marine environments, often accounting for 35% of total prokaryotes in the surface ocean, but little is known about their involvement in marine biogeochemical cycles. Previous studies reported that SAR11 bacteria are very small and potentially have few ribosomes, indicating that SAR11 bacteria could have low metabolic activities and could play a smaller role in the...

Some marine bacterial species form mucosal layers, called veils, on sulfidic marine sediment. The bacteria attached to this veil actively swim and exert force on the surrounding fluid. The bacteria can break free of the veil and swim, chemotacting back to the veil. Over time the veil forms holes arranged in a hexagonal pattern. Motivated by this system, we present a simplified model to describe...

Marine bacteria have not been examined as extensively as land bacteria. We screened carotenoids from orange or red pigments-producing marine bacteria belonging to rare or novel species. The new acyclic carotenoids with a C₃₀ aglycone, diapolycopenedioc acid xylosylesters A-C and methyl 5-glucosyl-5,6-dihydro-apo-4,4'-lycopenoate, were isolated from the novel Gram-negative bacterium Rubritalea s...

MACLEOD, R. A., HOGENKAMP, H., AND ONOFREY, E. 1958 Nutrition and metabolism of marine bacteria. VII. Growth response of a marine Flavobacterium to surface active agents and nucleotides. J. Bacteriol., 75, 460-465. MICKINNEY, R. E. AND HORWOOD, M. P. 1952 Fundamental approach to the activated sludge process. I. Floc-producing bacteria. Sewage and Ind. Wastes, 24, 117-560. MCKINNEY, R. D. AND WE...

Purple sulfur bacteria are photosynthetic, anaerobic microorganisms that fix carbon dioxide using hydrogen sulfide as an electron donor; many are also nitrogen fixers. Because of t h e ~ r requirements for sulfide or orgamc carbon as electron donors in anoxygenic photosynthesis, these bacteria are generally thought to be l im~ted to shallow, organic-nch, anoxic environments such as subtidal mar...

As a result of the continuous evolution of microbial pathogens towards antibiotic-resistance, there have been demands for the development of new and effective antimicrobial compounds. Since the 1960s, the scientific literature has accumulated many publications about novel pharmaceutical compounds produced by a diverse range of marine bacteria. Indeed, marine micro-organisms continue to be a pro...

Antibiotic-resistant bacteria were isolated from seawater samples collected in the Atlantic Ocean off the southeastern coast of the United States. Large numbers of antibiotic-resistant bacterial strains were found to be present in harbor and inshore waters; however, the percentage of resistant strains was higher for several seawater samples collected offshore than for those collected near shore...

Magnetotactic cocci swim persistently along local magnetic field lines in a preferred direction that corresponds to downward migration along geomagnetic field lines. Recently, high cell concentrations of magnetotactic cocci have been found in the water columns of chemically stratified, marine and brackish habitats, and not always in the sediments, as would be expected for persistent, downward-m...