Previously, Rhodotorula glutinis was reported to produce a large amount of exocellular mannan, having a repeating unit of -->3)-D-Manp-(1-->4)-D-Manp-(1-->. Recently, we found that antigenic polysaccharides of Leptospira biflexa serovar patoc strain Patoc I have the same repeating unit and cross-react with antisera raised against extended strains of other leptospires (K. Matsuo, E. Isogai, and ...

Endophytes and plants can establish specific long-term symbiosis through the accumulation of secondary metabolites. Previous studies have shown that the endophytic fungus Gilmaniella sp. AL12 can stimulate Atractylodes lancea to produce volatile oils. The purpose of this report is to investigate key factors involved in the stimulation of A. lancea by AL12 and reveal the mechanism. We identified...

Background: The molecular interaction between ligands of commensal microbiota and host receptors, such as Toll-like receptors (TLRs), at the surface of the epithelial cells of the gastrointestinal (GI) tract plays a critical role in its homeostasis and protection. The aim of this work was to determine the usefulness of the oral administration of yeast cells or soluble yeast-derived ligands for ...

Mannan-binding protein (MBP) is a C-type serum lectin and activates complement through the lectin pathway when it binds to ligand sugars such as mannose, N-acetylglucosamine, and fucose on microbes. In addition, the vaccinia virus carrying the human MBP gene was shown to exhibit potent growth inhibitory activity toward human colorectal carcinoma, SW1116, cells in nude mice. We have proposed cal...

The mechanisms associated with the cellular internalization of nanomedicines must be carefully considered when designing drug- and vaccine-delivery systems. The cellular fate and effects of nanomedicines depend to a large extent on the cell uptake routes. A self-assembled mannan nanogel is developed as a vaccination platform for antigen and adjuvant delivery. The mannan nanogel uptake by murine...

C-Oligosaccharide sind pharmakologisch relevant, weil sie hydrolysebeständiger als O-Oligosaccharide. Trotz unbestreitbarer Fortschritte nach wie vor wenig erforscht, meist aufgrund des Mangels an effizienten und selektiven Strategien für den Aufbau von C-C-Bindungen. Im Gegensatz dazu veröffentlichen wir hier eine vielseitige robuste Strategie die Synthese strukturell komplexer via einer katal...

An 8-week feeding trial was conducted to investigate the effects of dietary mannan oligosaccharide (MOS) on growth performance, gut morphology, and NH(3) stress tolerance of Pacific white shrimp Litopenaeus vannamei. Juvenile Pacific white shrimp (1080 individuals with initial weight of 2.52 ± 0.01 g) were fed either control diet without MOS or one of five dietary MOS (1.0, 2.0, 4.0, 6.0 and 8....

BACKGROUND Control and eradication of intestinal infections caused by protozoa are important biomedical challenges worldwide. Prophylactic control of coccidiosis has been achieved with the use of anticoccidial drugs; however, the increase in anticoccidial resistance has raised concerns about the need for new alternatives for the control of coccidial infections. In fact, new strategies are neede...

Sera from normal adult humans may contain high levels of antibody reactive with Candida albicans mannan. This study examined selected biological activities of such antibodies, focusing on sera that were collected from 34 donors and analyzed individually. The results showed that antimannan titers were normally distributed. Reactivity as determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay with seroty...

The aim of the present work was to investigate the synergistic effect between toll-like receptor (TLR) 3 ligand polyinosinic:polycytidylic acid (pI:C) and TLR5 ligand flagellin (FLN) on immune responses induced by nasally delivered hepatitis B virus surface antigen (HBsAg). Mannan and chitosan oligosaccharide-modified, pH-responsive poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (MC-PLGA) microparticles (MPs) c...