The article presents little-known articles on the Balkan War of 1875–1878 published in Przegląd Tygodniowy, a magazine young Warsaw intelligentsia promoting positivism and social civilizational reforms. second war Europe short time (after Franco-Prussian 1870–1871) became an intellectual challenge for generation reformers. Russian Empire appeared it as force bringing freedom to nations, forcing...

Abstract Eugen Mittwoch (1876–1942) was one of the most prominent representatives German Orientalism during first decades twentieth century. Trained as an Arabist and Semitist, at same time a specialist Ethiopian studies, he part circle Carl Heinrich Becker (1876–1933) who initiated new direction for Islamic studies in Orientalism. At time, also engaged study Geniza worked on topics relevant to...