Air-to-refrigerant heat exchangers are a key component in all air-conditioning, heat pump and refrigeration systems. The most common of types of air-to-refrigerant heat exchangers are tube-fin and microchannel heat exchangers. There has always been a great emphasis on understating the underlying physics and improving the performance of these heat exchangers. More recently, researchers have been...

Counter-flow double-layered microchannel heat sinks are very effective for thermal control of electronic components; however, they require rather complicated headers and flow maldistribution can also play a negative role. The cross-flow configuration allows much simpler header design the performance becomes similar to that provided by counter-flow arrangement if velocity distribution in microch...

The current maldistribution along the flow path of electrodialysis (ED) units is a well-known phenomenon. However, it has been poorly quantified via experimental tests so far. This work aimed at measuring distribution in an ED stack with 40 cm length, provided four-segment electrodes. current-voltage curve (CVC) each segment was recorded under several operating conditions inlet concentrations a...

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES The impact of Australian Government Rural Clinical School (RCS) programs on the geographical maldistribution of the medical workforce is important to report. METHOD This data linkage study compared graduates the Flinders University program who have undergone training in a metropolitan tertiary hospital (Flinders Medical Centre, Adelaide) with those participated Paralle...

Carbon dioxide (CO2) is one of the major atmospheric greenhouse gases (GHG). The continuous increase CO2 concentration and its long lifetime may cause long-term negative effects on climate. It important to develop technologies capture minimize those emissions into atmosphere. objective this work design study theoretically experimentally a numbering-up/scale-out membrane microreactor in order be...

Introduction. Pregnant women in rural areas face a unique set of challenges due to geographic maldistribution obstetric services. The perspectives Kansas were sought regarding experience birth and satisfaction with maternity care. Methods. Medical student research assistants facilitated discussion groups communities who had given the last 24 months. Guiding questions used facilitate discussion....

Abstract As the size, weight, and performance requirements of electronic devices grow increasingly demanding, their packaging has become more compact. a result thinning or removing intermediate heat spreading layers, nonuniform generation from chip-scale component-level variations may be imposed directly on attached microchannel sink. Despite important transfer implications, effect uneven heati...

During the COVID-19 pandemic, many countries faced a shortage as well maldistribution of healthcare workers and misalignment between needs worker skills. In this scoping review, we have sought to identify country-level responses health workforce shortages during pandemic advantages/best practices disadvantages/lessons learned. We reviewed 24 scientific papers in four electronic databases: Medli...