This paper explores the design history of the nmake shell coprocess. Originally a special purpose uniprocessor executor, the coshell has evolved into a general purpose service that automatically executes shell actions on lightly loaded hosts in a local network. A major thrust of this work has been ease of use. The only privilege required for installation, administration or use is rsh access to ...

The SharedPlans formalization of collaboration (Grosz and Kraus 1999) stipulates that collaborating agents must commit to certain decision-making processes, but it does not specify those processes. This paper presents a mechanism for group decision making that may be applied to the decisions that agents involved in a SharedPlan need to make: adopting the initial commitment, selecting a recipe, ...

The phenomenon of “software evolution” was observed back in the 1970s when the first large software systems were being developed, and it has attracted renewed attention in the 1990s. Yet, the difficulties of software evolution are still treated as problems that pop up unexpectedly in software projects. In this talk, I look at some possible reasons to explain this apparent contradiction and the ...

the main purpose of this article is studing un’s actions to counter international terrorism giving to development of it after cold war.we are going to answer the question in descriptive-analtical way that what was un’s practical actions to counter it and weather it was successful.to answer the main question of this article first we will diccuss the development of terrorism after cold war and ne...

This paper presents efflux time experiments performed in the absence and presence of aqueous solutions of Drag Reducing Agents (DRAs) when a liquid is emptied from a large open cylindrical storage tank through an exit piping system. The drag reducing agents studied are Dodecyl benzene sulfonate anionic surfactant and a mixed solution of surfactant and sodium chloride counter ion. The variab...

Although object-oriented languages can help make software more reusable, class libraries can be di cult to use unless the programmer knows the library well. In particular, it can be hard to nd and understand components that a programmer may want to reuse. This study focuses on novice programmers solving programming tasks which require the reuse of components. We take an in-depth look at how the...