The boundary between known and he is unsurprising, since it coincides with a syntactic boundary between a preposed adverbial phrase and the main clause. By contrast, the second prosodic constituent, he brought out departs dramatically from standard syntactic constituency; for the subject he has a tighter juncture with the following main verb (plus particle) than the latter does with its noun ph...

Crystal structure determination is essential for characterizing materials and their properties, and can be facilitated by various tools and indicators. For instance, the Goldschmidt tolerance factor (T) for perovskite compounds is acknowledged for evaluating crystal structures in terms of the ionic packing. However, its applicability is limited to perovskite compounds. Here, we report on extend...

This paper explores the information structure of VP-anaphora constructions in English, Spanish, and German. The goal is to provide an initial account of the syntactic and prosodic licensing mechanisms of VP-anaphora and to suggest some theoretical consequences for the syntactic representation of the different types of focus and topic. Recent studies (e.g. Rooth 1992b; Tomioka 1995; Fox 1998) ha...

Frontotemporal lobar degeneration (FTLD) is genetically and pathologically heterogeneous. Until recently, two main pathological subtypes were recognised, defined by the presence of tau positive or tau negative, ubiquitin positive neuronal inclusions. However, the identification of TDP-43 as a major constituent of ubiquitinated inclusions led to descriptions of a smaller subgroup of patients wit...

Solar lentigo (SL) is a representative photoaging skin disorder. Alteration of the main epidermal constituent cells-keratinocytes and melanocytes-in relation to the photoaged dermal environment or chemokine/cytokine network is suggested as its pathogenesis. Among these, we focused on monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1), as it is known to be associated with tissue aging. For the first tim...

Constituent quark models provide a reasonable description of the baryon mass spectra. However, even in the lightand strange-flavor sectors several intriguing shortcomings remain. Especially with regard to strong decays of baryon resonances no consistent picture has so far emerged, and the existing experimental data cannot be explained in a satisfactory manner. Recently first covariant calculati...

This paper presents a new approach to near-infrared spectral (NIR) data analysis that is based on independent component analysis (ICA). The main advantage of the new method is that it is able to separate the spectra of the constituent components from the spectra of their mixtures. The separation is a blind operation, since the constituent components of mixtures can be unknown. The ICA based met...

The main and minor constituents of tenryocha extract product, a natural sweetener, were investigated as a part of an ongoing study to evaluate its quality and safety as a food additive. Four constituents, namely rubusoside, steviolmonoside, panicloside IV, and ent-16 alpha, 17-dihydroxykauran-19-oic acid, were isolated. The concentration of rubusoside, the main sweet constituent, was 8.65% in t...

This contribution examines discontinuities in DG. Discontinuities are addressed in terms of catenae and rising. The catena is defined as A WORD OR A COMBINATION OF WORDS THAT IS CONTINUOUS WITH RESPECT TO DOMINANCE. The definition identifies any tree or subtree of a tree as a catena. Rising occurs when a governor fails to dominate one (or more) of its governees. Two sorts of rising are distingu...

We propose a spectral approach for unsupervised constituent parsing that comes with theoretical guarantees on latent structure recovery. Our approach is grammarless – we directly learn the bracketing structure of a given sentence without using a grammar model. The main algorithm is based on lifting the concept of additive tree metrics for structure learning of latent trees in the phylogenetic a...