Let M $M$ be a hyperbolic 3-manifold with no rank two cusps admitting an embedding in S 3 $\mathbb {S}^3$ . Then, if admits exhaustion by π 1 $\pi _1$ -injective sub-manifolds there exists Cantor sets C n ⊆ $C_n\subseteq \mathbb such that N = ∖ $N_n=\mathbb {S}^3\setminus C_n$ is and → $N_n\rightarrow M$ geometrically.

It is shown that each almost maximal valuation ring R, such that every indecomposable injective R-module is countably generated, satisfies the following condition (C): each fp-injective R-module is locally injective. The converse holds if R is a domain. Moreover, it is proved that a valuation ring R that satisfies this condition (C) is almost maximal. The converse holds if Spec(R) is countable....

Our dual notions “locally injective” and “locally projective” modules in Mod-R are good tools to study the relations between the singular, respectively cosingular, submodule of Hom R(M, W ) and the total Tot (M, W ). These notions have further interesting properties.

in order to study the qualitative, quantitative characteristics of a pure common populus alba stand in polkalleh & a mixed stand of populus alba & populus nigra in karchegan, two 30-year-old stands were selected with a plantation interval ( spacing) of 2.5 × 1.5 m in each of which 30 pcs of 2 are samples were randomly selected. in each sample pc all the trees diameters were measured using a dia...

It is proved that EJ is injective if E is an injective module over a valuation ring R, for each prime ideal J 6= Z. Moreover, if E or Z is flat, then EZ is injective too. It follows that localizations of injective modules over h-local Prüfer domains are injective too. If S is a multiplicative subset of a noetherian ring R, it is well known that SE is injective for each injective R-module E. The...

Let R be a left and right Noetherian ring. We introduce the notion of the torsionfree dimension of finitely generated R-modules. For any n 0, we prove that R is a Gorenstein ring with self-injective dimension at most n if and only if every finitely generated left R-module and every finitely generated right R-module have torsionfree dimension at most n, if and only if every finitely generated le...

In this paper we show that a direct decomposition of modules M N, with N homologically independent to the inJective hull of H, is a CS-module if and only if N is injective relative to H and both of M and N are CS-modules. As an application, we prove that a direct sum of a non-singular semisimple module and a quasi-continuous module with zero socle is quasi-continuous. This result is known for q...

Let k be a field. Given two finite-dimensional right comodules N andM over a k–coalgebra C, the k–vector spaces ExtC(N,M) need not to be finite-dimensional. This is due to the fact that the injective right comodules appearing in the minimal injective resolution of M need not to be of finite dimension or even quasi-finite. The obstruction here is that factor comodules of quasi-finite comodules a...

An immersion of manifolds is a map with everywhere injective differential. Two immersions are regularly homotopic if there exists a continuous 1–parameter family of immersions connecting one to the other. The Smale–Hirsch h–principle [8, 4] says that the space of immersions M → N , dim(M) < dim(N) is homotopy equivalent to the space of injective bundle maps TM → TN . In contrast to differential...