Lyme borreliosis is the most common human tick-borne disease in the Northern Hemisphere. The prevalence of Lyme borreliosis is estimated to be 20-100 cases per 100,000 persons in the United States and 100-155 cases per 100,000 persons in Europe [ 1 , 2 ]. It is caused by the spirochete Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato [ 2 , 3 ]. The course of clinical manifestations is thought to occur in 3 stag...

Increased intracranial pressure in patients with Lyme disease is an uncommon but reported finding. We discuss 2 patients from Lyme endemic areas who initially presented with headache, nausea, and vomiting and were eventually found to have increased intracranial pressure, a mild cerebrospinal fluid pleocytosis, and positive Lyme titers. It has been shown that increased intracranial pressure in a...

Lyme disease is one of the infectious diseases discovered in the last three decades. It is a systemic, infectious and zooantropoic disease. Lyme disease is caused by spirochetes Borrelia burgdorferi s.l., and is primarily transferred via Ixodes ticks. Ticks that are vectors for Lyme disease in Europe and also in Serbia are from Ixodes ricinus species (Burgdorfer et all, 1989). Up to date the ex...

In the United States, Lyme disease is caused by Borrelia burgdorferi and transmitted to humans by blacklegged ticks. Patients with an erythema migrans lesion and epidemiologic risk can receive a diagnosis without laboratory testing. For all other patients, laboratory testing is necessary to confirm the diagnosis, but proper interpretation depends on symptoms and timing of illness. The recommend...

Nomenclature influences perceptions of reality and frames ensuing discussions. Imprecision contributes to misinterpretation of observations and studies, altering clinicians’ approaches. The impact of imprecision and novel reinterpretation of terminology can be seen in the Lyme disease debate. A quarter century after its initial description, a review of the terminology contributing to confusion ...

Since its identification nearly 30 years ago, Lyme disease has continued to spread, and there have been increasing numbers of cases in the northeastern and north central US. The Lyme disease agent, Borrelia burgdorferi, causes infection by migration through tissues, adhesion to host cells, and evasion of immune clearance. Both innate and adaptive immune responses, especially macrophage- and ant...