Vitamin D deficiency has been associated with pregnancy complications such as preeclampsia, gestational diabetes, and recurrent miscarriage. Therefore, we hypothesized differences in vitamin D status between healthy [Sprague-Dawley (SD) and Lewis (LW)] and complicated [Brown Norway (BN)] rat pregnancies. In SD, LW, and BN rats, we analyzed the maternal plasma levels of the vitamin D metabolites...

Finite-differences methods such as the Lax-Wendroff method (LW) are commonly used to solve 1D models of blood flow. These models solve for blood flow and lumen area and are useful in disease research, such as hypertension and atherosclerosis, where flow and pressure are good indicators for the presence of disease. Despite the popularity of the LW method to solve the blood flow equations, no imp...

To compare the activity of lower extremity muscles during land walking (LW), water walking (WW), and deep-water running (DWR), 9 healthy young subjects were tested at self-selected low, moderate, and high intensities for 8 sec with two repetitions. Surface EMG electrodes were placed on the tibialis anterior (TA), soleus (SOL), medial gastrocnemius (GAS), rectus femoris (RF), and biceps femoris ...

To observe the changes of lung injury when diabetic rats were treated with low concentration of ethanol (EtOH) and analyze the related mechanisms, male Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats were divided into control, diabetic (DM), and EtOH+DM groups. Diabetic rat was mimicked by injection of streptozotocin intraperitoneally. Fasting blood glucose (FBG) level, lung weight (LW), body weight (BW), and LW/BW w...

Abstract There are several factors were taken in consideration such as time, ratio, temperature and pH to improve the chelation process between amino acids inorganic ions. The current study aims optimize physical controlling synthesis of chelated with different minerals enhance antioxidant biodiesel production from Arthrospira platensis cultivated culture enriched minerals. In this study; vario...

Marine boundary layer (BL) clouds profoundly influence the global shortwave (SW) radiation budget through their effect on albedo, but a significant source of turbulent energy to the BL and the clouds themselves is longwave (LW) cloud top cooling. Cloudy regions can be thought of as radiating as blackbodies in the LW, with a net radiative flux of nearly zero inside the cloud itself and a signifi...

We present a new variational approach to the study of phase transitions in frustrated 2D XY models. In the spirit of Villain’s approach for the ferromagnetic case we divide thermal excitations into a low temperature long wavelength part (LW) and a high temperature short wavelength part (SW). In the present work we mainly deal with LW excitations and we explicitly consider the cases of the fully...

Abstract Ornamental grasses are often used in gardens to improve biodiversity and as additional aesthetical resources. However, their use green roofs (GR) living walls (LW) is not so widespread it has been studied extensively. The aim of this work assess the performance seven grass species ( Imperata cylindrica ‘Red Baron’ , Acorus gramineus Stipa tenuissima ‘Pony Fails’ Carex flagellifera ‘Bro...