Recent results have shown that exercise training promotes the recovery of injured rat distal spinal cords, but are still unclear about the function of skeletal muscle in this process. Herein, rats with incomplete thoracic (T10) spinal cord injuries (SCI) with a dual spinal lesion model were subjected to four weeks of treadmill training and then were treated with complete spinal transection at T...

A variety of tests of sensorimotor function are used to characterize outcome after experimental spinal cord injury (SCI). These tests typically do not provide information about chemical and metabolic processes in the injured CNS. Here, we used (1) H-magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) to monitor long-term and short-term chemical changes in the CNS in vivo following SCI. The investigated areas...

Fig. 1.-Case 1: Sagittal MR image (700/20; 0.5 T) shows marked atrophy of cord (arrows) extending from C7 to T3. Thoracic spinal cord is normal. No fractures or subluxations are present. Fig. 2.-Case 2: Sagittal magnified MR image (700/20; 1.5 T) shows severe atrophy of cervical spinal cord at T1 and T2. Linear areas of isointense signal intensity in thecal sac (arrows) posterior to region of c...

Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) leakage is known to cause orthostatic headache. Spontaneous CSF leakage occurs under several conditions, such as lumbar puncture, spinal surgery, and fracture of the spine. Intrasacral meningocele is an anomaly caused by an abnormal prolongation of the meninges in the sacral spinal canal. Typical symptoms of this anomaly are low back pain, bladder dysfunction, and scia...

The thoracolumbar junction is the of thoracic and lumbar spine subjected to high biomechanical stress. With rapid development society, morbidity increases every year. Thoracolumbar fracture may affect stability even result in paralysis via compression spinal cord. As a advancements modern medicine, theoretical practical aspects concerning have made great progress. However, due complexity fractu...

Inflammatory changes are analyzed in the anterior spinal cord and frontal cortex area 8 in typical spinal-predominant ALS cases. Increased numbers of astrocytes and activated microglia are found in the anterior horn of the spinal cord and pyramidal tracts. Significant increased expression of TLR7, CTSS, and CTSC mRNA and a trend to increased expression of IL10RA, TGFB1, and TGFB2 are found in t...

An in vitro isolated whole spinal cord preparation has been developed in 'motor functionally mature' mice; that is mice of developmental maturity sufficient to weight-bear and walk. In balb/c mice this stage occurs at around postnatal day 10 (P10). Administration of strychnine elicited synchronous activity bilaterally in lumbar ventral roots. Rhythmic alternating locomotor-like activity could b...

Spiml cord The spinal cord of the spider monkey has 37 segments consisting of eight cervical, thirteen thoracic, five lumbar, three sacral, and eight tcaudal segments. The number of oervical segments is always eight, but there is a considerable variation in the number of thoracic segments, depending upon the number of rib-bearing or thoracic vertebrae. Of ten specimens examined, six have been f...

Spine duplication, which is at the severe end of the split cord malformation, is rarely seen. Radiographic, CT, and MR images of a 15-year-old girl who had lower back pain showed asymmetric lumbar spine duplication with spinal cord tethering secondary to a filum lipoma in the sacrum. Despite gross spinal abnormalities, the patient was neurologically intact and has been followed up with conserva...

Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) leakage is known to cause orthostatic headache. Spontaneous CSF leakage occurs under several conditions, such as lumbar puncture, spinal surgery, and fracture of the spine. Intrasacral meningocele is an anomaly caused by an abnormal prolongation of the meninges in the sacral spinal canal. Typical symptoms of this anomaly are low back pain, bladder dysfunction, and scia...