Despite increasingly accessible and user-friendly multi-channel compositional tools, many composers still choose stereo formats for their work, where the compositional process is allied to diffusion performance over a ‘classical’ loudspeaker orchestra. Although such orchestras remain common within UK institutions as well as in France, they are in decline in the rest of the world. In contrast, p...

In this paper, we discuss methods for digital filter design with application to 3-D sound. A review of existing filter design methods for binaural and transaural processing is presented. New methods that take into account the nonuniform frequency resolution of the human ear are explored. Listening tests have been performed to determine the subjective preference of different designs. 0 INTRODUCT...

Rev. A | Page 1 of 12 INTRODUCTION This application note describes the circuit architecture and details required to measure the impedance profile of a commercial loudspeaker using the AD5933 impedance-to-digital converter. By evaluating the acoustic properties of loudspeakers through an impedance measurement from 1960 to 1970, two Australian pioneers, N. Thiele and R. Small, defined the Thiele-...

Acoustic echoes arise whenever there is acoustic coupling between a loudspeaker and a microphone. A traditional solution for eliminating the undesired echo signal is an acoustic echo canceler (AEC), which identifies the echo path between a loudspeaker and a microphone by means of an adaptive filter. The echo signal can be canceled successfully when the modeling filter approaches the true echo p...

In a distant environment, channel distortion may drastically degrade speech recognition performances. In this paper, we propose a robust multiple microphone speech processing approach based on position dependent Cepstral Mean Normalization (CMN). In the training stage, the system measures the transmission characteristics according to the speaker positions from some grid points in the room and e...

Active electroacoustic systems are commonly employed to transmit sound from one location to another. For example, consider the following configuration: a person talks into a microphone, which produces an electrically amplified signal for driving a loudspeaker, and the loudspeaker induces an output acoustic signal allowing someone else at a more distant location to hear the person talking. Unfor...

Panning techniques, such as vector base amplitude panning (VBAP) are a widely-used practical approach for spatial sound reproduction using multiple loudspeakers. Although limited to a relatively small listening area, they are very efficient and offer good localisation accuracy, timbral quality as well as a graceful degradation of quality outside the sweet spot. The aim of this paper is to inves...