The present work is addressed to defects and boundaries in quantum field theory considering the application to AdS/CFT correspondence. We examine interactions of fermions with spins localised on these boundaries. Therefore, an algebra method is emphasised adding reflection and transmission terms to the canonical quantisation prescription. This method has already been applied to bosons in two sp...

The metal–molecule interface provides highly attractive fields that interact with each other, such as in charge transfer. However, little is known about the materials localised at the interface. Polarised Raman measurement represents an attractive research field related to metal surfaces. The polarised SERS signal has a highly polarised character because of the anisotropic EM feature on the met...

The metal–molecule interface provides highly attractive fields that interact with each other, such as in charge transfer. However, little is known about the materials localised at the interface. Polarised Raman measurement represents an attractive research field related to metal surfaces. The polarised SERS signal has a highly polarised character because of the anisotropic EM feature on the met...

Physical fatigue is a painful phenomenon which is localised in overstressed muscles. Mental fatigue is a diffuse sensation of weariness; it is a functional state, one of several intermediate conditions between the two extremes of alarm and sleep. A neurophysiological model of fatigue, involving an activating and inhibitory system has been developed. Fatigue in industrial practice has clinical s...

A fundamental goal in biology is to understand the molecular basis of cell identity. Pluripotent embryonic stem (ES) cell identity is governed by a set of transcription factors centred on the triumvirate of Oct4, Sox2 and Nanog. These proteins often bind to closely localised genomic sites. Recent studies have identified additional transcriptional modulators that bind to chromatin near sites occ...

An electrophysiological study was carried out on four patients with unilateral diaphragmatic paralysis. Whereas neurogenic involvement of the paralysed hemidiaphragm was roughly similar in all cases, neurogenic patterns could be detected in the normally moving contralateral hemidiaphragm in three cases, and the degree of involvement could be correlated with the respiratory state of the patients...

We propose that observables in quantum theory are properly understood as representatives of symmetry-invariant quantities relating one system to another, the latter to be called a reference system. We provide a rigorous mathematical language to introduce and study quantum reference systems, showing that the orthodox “absolute” quantities are good representatives of observable relative quantitie...

We propose a fast algorithm for the identification of localised brain regions from medical images that discriminate between two groups of individuals. The method is based on a combination of penalised regression and a data resampling procedure. We apply this approach to both MRI and PET images for the classification of subjects with Alzheimer’s disease and mild cognitive impairment. We show tha...

We propose a fast algorithm for the identification of localised brain regions from medical images that discriminate between two groups of individuals. The method is based on a combination of penalised regression and a data resampling procedure. We apply this approach to both MRI and PET images for the classification of subjects with Alzheimer’s disease and mild cognitive impairment. We show tha...

The decay pathways of UV-excited cytosine polymers are investigated using picosecond time-resolved infrared spectroscopy. Similar yields of a non-emissive (1)nπ* state are found in the single-stranded dC(30) polymer as in the dCMP monomer, but with a longer lifetime in the polymer (80 ps vs. 39 ps). A longer lifetime is also found in the d(CpC) dinucleotide. No evidence of excimer states is obs...