نتایج جستجو برای: local thermal equilibrium

تعداد نتایج: 853354  

2011
T. PADMANABHAN D. V. Ahluwalia T. Padmanabhan

One can identify the number density of the microscopic space–time degrees of freedom in any diffeomorphism-invariant theory of gravity by using the principle of equipartition, applied to the area elements of a surface ∂V which are at the local Unruh temperature. The entropy associated with these degrees of freedom, which matches with the Wald entropy for the theory, can be used to obtain the fi...

Journal: :Physical review. E, Statistical, nonlinear, and soft matter physics 2005
X-D Shang P Tong K-Q Xia

The local entropy production rate sigma (r,t) in turbulent thermal convection is obtained from simultaneous velocity and temperature measurements in an aspect-ratio-one cell filled with water. The statistical properties of the time-averaged sigma (r,t) are analyzed and the results are compared with the predictions of the steady-state fluctuation theorem (SSFT) of Gallavotti and Cohen. The exper...

1998
Sean A. Hayward

A generally relativistic theory of thermodynamics is developed, based on four main physical principles: heat is a local form of energy, therefore described by a thermal energy tensor; conservation of heat, or the local first law, equivalent to conservation of mass; entropy is a local current; and non-destruction of entropy, or the local second law. A fluid is defined by the thermostatic energy ...

1999
CHRISTIAN D. JÄKEL

In this article we will discuss how a strictly local operation can effect a physical system in thermal equilibrium. Let O denote an open and bounded space-time region in Minkowski space IR where a local operation a takes place. The first guess might be that the operation a gives rise to an excitation of the equilibrium state which is localized in O; i.e., with respect to measurements in the cau...

A mathematical model of a within-host viral infection is presented. A local stability analysis of the model is conducted in two ways. At first, the basic reproduction number of the system is calculated. It is shown that when the reproduction number falls below unity, the disease free equilibrium (DFE) is globally asymptotically stable, and when it exceeds unity, the DFE is unstable and there ex...

2013
Ludovic Berthier Jorge Kurchan

The glass transition, extensively studied in dense fluids, polymers or colloids, corresponds to a marked evolution of equilibrium transport coefficients on a modest change of control parameter, such as temperature or pressure. A similar phenomenology is found in many systems evolving far from equilibrium, such as driven granular media, active and living matter. Although many theories compete to...

2011
Kun Yang Kambiz Vafai

The transient thermal response of a packed bed is investigated analytically. A local thermal nonequilibrium model is used to represent the energy transport within the porous medium. The heat flux bifurcation phenomenon in porous media is investigated for temporal conditions and two primary types of heat flux bifurcations in porous media are established. Exact solutions are derived for both the ...

2017
Graeme Hunt Nader Karimi Mohsen Torabi

Heat transfer and entropy generation are analysed theoretically in a thermal model of microreactors accommodating processes with large heat of reaction. This includes an asymmetric, thick wall, partially-filled porous microchannel under local thermal non-equilibrium. The system features exothermicity/endothermicity within the solid and fluid phases to represent heat of chemical reactions and ab...

Journal: :Int. J. Game Theory 2001
William H. Sandholm

A population of players repeatedly plays an n strategy symmetric game. Players update their strategies by sampling the behavior of k opponents and playing a best response to the distribution of strategies in the sample. Suppose the game possesses a 1 k -dominant strategy which is initially played by a positive fraction of the population. Then if the population size is large enough, play converg...

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