Empowerment is widely acknowledged as a process by which those who have been disempowered are able to increase their self-efficacy, make life-enhancing decisions, and obtain control over resources [1–3]. In addition, empowerment is multi-dimensional – a woman may be empowered in one dimension or sphere (such as financial) but not in another (such as in sexual and reproductive decision-making). ...

Equality between men and women exists when both sexes are able to share equally in the distribution of power and influence. Although the gender gap in labour market participation has narrowed, gender differences in everyday experiences persist in developing countries. This article reviews the place of feminists today in the advancement of gender equality in the Southern African Development Comm...

introduction rural women constitute about half of the world’s population and in the world production supply they have energetic comm:union: and constitute a great part of agriculture workforce. they constitute50% of the workforce and participate in the production of half of the foods in the agriculture section. as an example the rural women constitute about 70 to 80% of agriculture workforce in...

BACKGROUND Diverse economic empowerment programmes (eg, microcredit, village-led savings and loan, cash and productive asset transfers) for the poor have demonstrated mixed results as vehicles for improved economic stability, health and women's empowerment. However, limited rigorous evaluations exist on the impact of financial and non-financial outcomes of these programmes, especially in confli...

Informal settlement as a global urban phenomenon encounters different social, physical and economic shortcomings. These fabrics especially in cities of the global south experience an escalating gap with developed urban areas. In this regard, faltering economy plays a major contribution in continuity of poverty and exclusion. In Iran, Empowerment plan could not lead to favorable and stable resul...

One of India's most pressing challenges is gender equality. Women have faced discrimination in the political process as well social and economic spheres. Politically, women are side-lined. Since independence, women's engagement democratic has consistently been minimal. The participation nation began to increase after numerous initiatives, including constitutional amendment for reservation. Glob...

Community economic development has achieved some enviable successes in both the US and Latin America. Community development corporations (CDCs) in the US are well networked among themselves and nurtured by a web of ® nancial intermediaries and technical assistance providers that channel resources and professional expertise to low-income neighbourhoods and communities across the country (see Wil...

women's cooperatives provide a social environment where women can work out of their dwelling houses, actively participate in social activities and stand at high levels of decision making in their societies. cooperatives could empower women in such various aspects as social, economic, cultural and psychological dimensions. to investigate the role of women's cooperatives in empowerment ...

— Land rights equity is seen as an important tool for increasing empowerment and economic welfare for women in developing countries. Accordingly, the objective of this paper is to empirically examine the role of women’s land ownership, either alone or jointly, as a means of improving their intra-household bargaining power in the areas of own healthcare, major household purchases, and visiting f...