In this paper we recast the formalism of argumentation formalismknownasDeLP (DefeasibleLogicProgramming) in game-theoretic terms. By considering a game between a Proponent and an Opponent, in which they present arguments for and against each literal we obtain a bigger gamut of truth values for those literals and their negations as they are defended and attacked. An important role in the determi...

In this paper we propose and describe a framework for evaluating and diagnosing the understanding component of a spoken dialog system which can be applied to both literal and contextual understanding. We have observed in a previous experiment that contextual understanding performance is strongly correlated to the user satisfaction. The framework uses a glassbox approach to diagnose the interpre...

We propose a novel unsupervised approach for distinguishing literal and non-literal use of idiomatic expressions. Our model combines an unsupervised and a supervised classifier. The former bases its decision on the cohesive structure of the context and labels training data for the latter, which can then take a larger feature space into account. We show that a combination of both classifiers lea...

2 Language Tutorial 4 2.1 Installation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4 2.2 Compiling a MiniMat source program . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4 2.3 Tutorial . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4 2.3.1 Defining a matrix literal . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5 2.3.2 Matrix size attrib...

In this thesis we present TroFi, a system for separating literal and nonliteral usages of verbs through unsupervised statistical word-sense disambiguation and clustering techniques. TroFi distinguishes itself by redefining the types of nonliteral language handled and by depending purely on sentential context rather than selectional constraint violations and paths in semantic hierarchies. TroFi ...

This work addresses the problem of providing explanation capabilities to an argumentation system. Explanation in defeasible argumentation is an important, and yet undeveloped field in the area. Therefore, we move in this direction by defining a concrete argument system with explanation facilities. We consider the structures that provide information on the warrant status of a literal. Our focus ...

Recent event related brain potential (ERP) results show that figurative interpretations of proverbial phrases (e.g., lightning never strikes the same place twice) elicit sustained slow cortical potentials that are more negative over the front of the head than for literal interpretations of the same phrases (Ferretti, Schwint, & Katz, under review). We extend this research by examining the influ...

It is well-know that the action-sentence compatibility effect (ACE) is activated by mental simulation triggered by visual or linguistic stimuli (Glenberg and Kaschak 2002 and many others). However, no study has compared the extent of ACE activated by literal and figurative understanding of honorific Japanese verbs. Two experiments, consisting of 59 Japanese university students was conducted usi...

Idioms are sometimes viewed as unitized phrases with interpretations that are independent of the literal meanings of their individual words. In three experiments, the nature of idiom representation was explored with a speech-error elicitation task. In the task, speakers briefly viewed paired idioms. After a short delay they were probed to produce one of the two idioms, and their production late...

We used Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation (TMS) to assess whether reading literal, non-literal (i.e., metaphorical, idiomatic) and fictive motion sentences modulates the activity of the motor system. Sentences were divided into three segments visually presented one at a time: the noun phrase, the verb and the final part of the sentence. Single pulse-TMS was delivered at the end of the sentence ...