Taking into account increasing volumes of the international seaborne trade, liner shipping companies have to ensure efficiency of their operations in order to remain competitive. The bunker consumption cost constitutes a substantial portion of the total vessel operating cost and directly affects revenues of liner shipping companies. “Slow steaming” became a common strategy among ocean carriers ...

The liner of an ore grinding mill is a critical component in the grinding process, necessary for both high metal recovery and shell protection. From an economic point of view, it is important to keep mill liners in operation as long as possible, minimising the downtime for maintenance or repair. Therefore, predicting their wear is crucial. This paper tests different methods of predicting wear i...

There is accelerating interest in composite risers for deepwater applications. Composite risers offer much higher strength to weight ratios over metallic risers but there is less experience of their behavior in deepwater environments. A general review on current developments specific to composite risers highlighting the remaining challenges and the applications, design evolution, state-of-the-a...

As worldwide automotive ownership is set to exceed 2 billion vehicles by 2030 [1], environmental and economical pressures on the automotive industry mean there is a trend to reduce harmful greenhouse gas emissions whilst simultaneously improving fuel economy. The use of electrical hybrid, start-stop idling and materials light-weighting are some of the technological solutions which can offer eff...

The probability of brain injury during an accident is dependent on the force history acting on brain tissue. The mostly used criterion for the injury probability assessment, the Head Injury Criterion (HIC), is based on the time integral of force (acceleration) history curve. HIC is used in the work for the assessment of helmet performance. Because of limited weight of the helmet, current design...

There is currently considerable interest in the use of highly cross-linked polyethylene (XLPE) acetabular liners for total hip arthroplasty (THA). In literature, only a single retrieval analysis of one type of XLPE liner implanted for greater than four years exists. The purpose of the present report is to quantify surface deviations in two XLPE liners implanted during revision THA and retrieved...

In this study, injection molding process of ultrahigh molecular weight polyethylene (UHMWPE) reinforced with nano-hydroxyapatite (nHA) was simulated and optimized through minimizing the shrinkage and warpage of the hip liners as an essential part of a hip prosthesis. Fractional factorial design (FFD) was applied to the design of the experiment, modeling, and optimizing the shrinkage and warpage...

Polyethylene wear of acetabular components is a key factor in the development of periprosthetic osteolysis and wear at the articular surface has been well documented and quantified, but fewer data are available about changes which occur at the backside of the liner. At revision surgery for loosening of the femoral component we retrieved 35 conventional modular acetabular liners of the same desi...

The adhesion of porcelain to zirconia is a key factor in the success of bilayered restorations. In this study, the efficacy of a novel experimental liner (EL) containing zirconia for improved bonding between zirconia and veneering porcelain was tested. Four ELs containing various concentrations (0, 3.0, 6.0, and 9.0 wt %) of zirconia were prepared. Testing determined the most effective EL (EL3 ...

Microleakage presents a major challenge to the success of all restorations placed in the oral cavity, resulting in postoperative sensitivity, pulpal irritation, and secondary caries formation. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of an adhesive cavity liner under amalgam restorations in primary teeth. Sixty class V amalgam restorations were placed on the buccal and/or lingual...