We describe the characterization and utility of a new electrochemiluminescent (ECL) label for oligonucleotides, utilizing phosphoramidite chemistry. This phosphoramidite of the tris(2,2-bipyridine)ruthenium(II) complex, bis(2,2-bipyridine)(4-[4-(2-cyanoethoxy-N,N-diisopropyl-amino) phosphinoxybutyl]4'-methyl)2,2-bipyridine ruthenium(II) dihexafluorophosphate or Origen phosphoramidite, enables t...

In an automated immunoprecipitin system for analysis of serum immunoglobulins (Technicon Instruments Corp., Tarrytown, N.Y. 10591) (1, 2) sampler lines of small inside diameter (0.0075 and 0.020 inch) must be used, and so flow is occasionally interrupted when the line becomes blocked by particulate matter. Cleaning the blocked line is simple; however, flow interruption is detected only by caref...

– A sample transmission line, which is laid at the bottom of the GUI. There is a slider in the line that indicates the position of measurement probes. The probes are measuring the information of the line, toward the load. By default, the probe is laid next to the load. Thus the initial impedance, measured by the probe is the same as the load. It is possible to enter desired values as a load. Un...

We report a fluorescence lifetime imaging technique that uses the time integrated response to a periodic optical excitation, eliminating the need for time resolution in detection. A Dirac pulse train of variable period is used to probe the frequency response of the total fluorescence per pulse leading to a frequency roll-off that is dependent on the relaxation rate of the fluorophores. The tech...

The prevalence of clarithromycin resistance-associated mutations, the cytotoxin-associated gene (cagA), and the various vacuolating cytotoxin (vacA) genotypes was determined in 50 gastric biopsy specimens from Helicobacter pylori-infected patients, using line probe assays. The clarithromycin resistance-associated mutation A2143G was detected in H. pylori strains from 26% of the specimens, which...

To validate a commercially available line probe assay for samples containing the infrequently found hepatitis C virus (HCV) genotype 5a, we sequenced a 511-nucleotide fragment of the NS4b region of Belgian and South African HCV genotype 5a samples. Phylogenetic analysis of the sequence data was performed. For the 77 HCV genotype 5a samples collected, there was 100% concordance between the genot...

We described a dual turn-on probe sensitive to both acidity and basicity, which could be designed by connecting a fluorophore to a quencher via metal-ligand interaction. Atto488-labeled nitrilotriacetic acid and polyhistidine peptide were used as the fluorophore and the quencher, respectively, and linked to each other by coordination with a cobalt(II) ion. After preparation of the probe, the pH...

In this study the suitability of Raman spectroscopy for the determination of carbon nanotube mediated toxicity on human alveolar carcinoma epithelial cells (A549) is explored. The exposure of this cell line represents the primary pathway of exposure in humans, that of inhalation. Peak ratio analysis demonstrates a dose-dependent response which correlates to previous toxicological studies. Princ...

the aim of this study was to evaluate and compare the cytotoxicity induced by two resin-based sealers, 2seal and ah plus, in two osteoblast-like cell lines, mg-63 and saos-2. using sterile discs of both sealers in complete media, 24- and 72-h extracts were prepared. the extracts were exchanged with saos-2 or mg-63 cell culture media at 75% confluence, and after 24 h incubation, cell viability t...

Real-time reverse transcriptase PCR (rRT-PCR) assays have greatly contributed to the detection, control, and prevention of the pandemic influenza A/H1N1 2009 virus. To improve the rRT-PCR assays for detection of pandemic influenza A/H1N1 2009 virus, we evaluated the sensitivity, specificity, and performance of 12 rRT-PCR primer-probe sets [SW (a) to SW (l)] using a panel of virus strains and cl...