IPTV video services are increasingly being considered for delivery to mobile devices over broadband wireless access networks. The IPTV streams or channels are multiplexed together for transport across an IP core network prior to distribution across the access network. According to the type of access network, prior bandwidth constraints exist that restrict the multiplex data-rate. This paper pre...

PURPOSE The systemic chest veins may be difficult to show comprehensively by contrast venography, especially if there is limited venous access or contraindications to intravenous contrast. As an alternative, can magnetic resonance angiography (MRA) reliably detect occluded chest veins and predict suitable sites for central venous access? PATIENTS AND METHODS Eighty-four patients were examined...

This paper presents measurements and analysis of broadband Internet access service networks using a highspeed IP meter with a GPS (Global Positioning System) timestamp component. The authors performed measurements of traffic in a commercial IPv6 access service on ADSL (Asymmetrical Digital Subscriber Line) as a typical broadband access service network. This paper describes the measurement confi...

BACKGROUND Universal access to first-line antiretroviral therapy (ART) for HIV infection is becoming more of a reality in most low and middle income countries in Asia. However, second-line therapies are relatively scarce. METHODS AND FINDINGS We developed a mathematical model of an HIV epidemic in a Southeast Asian setting and used it to forecast the impact of treatment plans, without second-...

accessibility to the improved (breeded) plant varieties is vital for agricultural and horticultural industries. providing food-security for growing population of the world, sustainable agricultural production, need for an increase in agricultural incomes, economic development and improvement are necessary for sustainable efforts in the field of plant breeding and improving. considering the spec...

BACKGROUND Access to medical literature in developing countries is helped by open access publishing and initiatives to allow free access to subscription only journals. The effectiveness of these initiatives in Africa has not been assessed. This study describes awareness, reported use and factors influencing use of on-line medical literature via free access initiatives. METHODS Descriptive stu...

shiga toxins (stxs) are bacterial virulence factors produced by shigella dysenteriae serotype 1 and escherichia coli strains. stxs are critical factors for the development of diseases such as severe bloody diarrhea and hemolytic uremic syndrome. additionally, stxs trigger the secretion of pro- inflammatory cytokines and chemokines, particularly in monocytes or macrophages. the inflammatory cyto...

background: prostate cancer is one of the leading causes of cancer deaths among men. new gene expressed in prostate (ngep), is a prostate-specific gene expressed only in normal prostate and prostate cancer tissue. because of its selective expression in prostate cancer cell surface, ngep is a potential immunotherapeutic target. to target the ngep in prostate cancer, it is essential to investigat...

Residential broadband digital subscriber loop (DSL) networks are used fo r many applications, such as surfing the Web, ICQ and e -mail. One of the more performance intensive applications is distributed gaming. Participants in an online game may subscribe to multiple ISP’s, or they may share the same ISP. In the case where severa l gamers share the same ISP, they will likely all reside in the sa...