If the log likelihood is approximately quadratic with constant Hessian, then the maximum likelihood estimator (MLE) is approximately normally distributed. No other assumptions are required. We do not need independent and identically distributed data. We do not need the law of large numbers (LLN) or the central limit theorem (CLT). We do not need sample size going to infinity or anything going t...

Counterfactual thoughts typically take the form of implied or explicit if-then statements. We propose that the multiplicative combination of "if likelihood" (the degree to which the antecedent condition of the counterfactual is perceived to be likely) and "then likelihood" (the perceived conditional likelihood of the outcome of the counterfactual, given the antecedent condition) determine the s...

Weighted distributions can be used to fit various forms of resource selection probability functions (RSPF) under the useversus-available study design (Lele and Keim 2006). Although valid, the numerical maximization procedure used by Lele and Keim (2006) is unstable because of the inherent roughness of the Monte Carlo likelihood function. We used a combination of the methods of partial likelihoo...

The modifier effect is the reduction in judged likelihood of a generic statement (Apples are sweet) when the subject is modified (Chinese apples are sweet). Connolly, Fodor, Gleitman and Gleitman, (2007) argued that this effect undermines the principle of default property inheritance in conceptual combination. In a series of studies, we replicated the effect and its interaction with modifier ty...

Given the recent developments in quantum techniques, modeling physical Hamiltonian of a target many-body system is becoming an increasingly practical and vital research direction. Here, we propose efficient strategy combining maximum likelihood estimation, gradient descent, algorithms. measurement outcomes, optimize model density operator via series descents along gradient, which prove negative...

In this work, a novel solution to the speaker identification problem is proposed through minimization of statistical divergences between the probability distribution (g) of feature vectors from the test utterance and the probability distributions of the feature vector corresponding to the speaker classes. This approach is made more robust to the presence of outliers, through the use of suitably...

Functional Family Therapy (FFT) is an intensive community-based treatment program designed to reduce youth behavior problems such as violence, drug use, and other delinquency. Although there is evidence of FFT efficacy and effectiveness with predominantly White samples, there is very little evidence with racial/ethnic minority samples. In light of the over-representation of African American and...