It is argued that an appearance of the near parity doublets in the upper part of the light baryon spectrum is an evidence for the chiral symmetry restoration in the regime where a typical momentum of quarks is around the chiral symmetry breaking scale. Thus one observes a phase transition in the upper part of the light baryon spectrum. The average kinetic energy of the constituent quarks in thi...

We have investigated theoretically the formation of a coherent population trapping resonance in a finite-size vapour cell without a buffer gas. We have demonstrated the novel mechanisms of the resonance narrowing: an analogue of the Dicke effect and light-induced narrowing. In the light-induced narrowing regime the parameters of the coherent population trapping resonance weakly depend on the ce...

We investigate experimentally the lifetime of the photons in a cavity containing a medium exhibiting strong positive dispersion. This intracavity positive dispersion is provided by a metastable helium gas at room temperature in the electromagnetically induced transparency regime, in which light propagates at a group velocity of the order of 10⁴ m·s⁻¹. The results definitely prove that the lifet...

Investigation of cell membrane structure and dynamics requires high spatial and temporal resolution. The spatial resolution of conventional light microscopy is limited due to the diffraction of light. However, recent developments in microscopy enabled us to access the nano-scale regime spatially, thus to elucidate the nanoscopic structures in the cellular membranes. In this review, we will expl...

— We consider the Klein-Gordon equation in the non-relativistic limit regime, i.e. the speed of light c tending to infinity. We construct an asymptotic expansion for the solution with respect to the small parameter depending on the inverse of the square of the speed of light. As the first terms of this asymptotic can easily be simulated our approach allows us to construct numerical algorithms t...

We present preliminary data and modeling of the late time light curve of the Type Ia supernova SN 2000cx. Optical and near-infrared data obtained with the VLT at 360 to 480 days past maximum light show the increasing importance of the near-infrared regime. Detailed multi-band modeling based on W7 also show this effect. Conclusions on positron escape in this phase may therefore require more deta...

We study the physics of the Seiberg-Witten and Argyres-Faraggi-Klemm-Lerche-TheisenYankielowicz solutions of D = 4, N = 2 and N = 1 SU(N) supersymmetric gauge theory. The N = 1 theory is confining and its effective Lagrangian is a spontaneously broken U(1)N−1 abelian gauge theory. We identify some features of its physics which see this internal structure, including a spectrum of different strin...

A film comprising randomly distributed metal/dielectric/metal sandwich nanopillars with a distribution of cross-sectional diameters, displayed extremely low reflectance over the blue-to-red regime, when coated on glass and illuminated normally. When it is illuminated by normally incident light, this sandwich film (SWF) has a low extinction coefficient, its phase thickness is close to a negative...

A new ion radiation-pressure acceleration regime, the "leaky light sail," is proposed which uses sub-skin-depth nanometer foils irradiated by circularly polarized laser pulses. In the regime, the foil is partially transparent, continuously leaking electrons out along with the transmitted laser field. This feature can be exploited by a multispecies nanofoil configuration to stabilize the acceler...

Solar radiation is not only the main source of energy for life on Earth, but it is also the natural source of light for the optical acquisition of information, such as for vision and photography. Natural sunlight provides the illumination required for taking hemispherical photographs in forests. In turn, such photographs can then be interpreted to provide a description of the plant canopy and i...