STUDY OBJECTIVE To study the effect of long-term smoking on all-cause and cause-specific mortality, and to estimate the effects of cigarette and cigar or pipe smoking on life expectancy. DESIGN A long-term prospective cohort study. SETTING Zutphen, The Netherlands. PARTICIPANTS 1373 men from the Zutphen Study, born between 1900 and 1920 and studied between 1960 and 2000. MEASUREMENTS Ha...

objective: the aim of this study was to evaluate the prevalence ofpsychiatric disorders in patients with dermatologic disease and its relationship to the patients' quality of life. method: this study was cross-sectional. a total of 414 patients with various dermatologic diseases participated in this study. the participants were recruited from an outpatient clinic and inpatient ward of a referra...

Hearing impairment in adolescents is a major public health problem. According to the World Health Organization (WHO) deafness and hearing impairment are common health problems throughout the world. Hearing impairment generally impairs emotional, social, communication and educational function. The aim of this study was to determine the correlation between duration of hearing aid use and improvem...

Background: Pulmonary rehabilitation is an evidence-based, multidisciplinary, comprehensive intervention for patients with chronic respiratory diseases who are symptomatic and whose daily living activities are often restricted. Pulmonary rehabilitation programs are designed to improve the physical and emotional condition of people with chronic respiratory disease and to promote long-term adhere...

Age and sex are biological terms that are socioculturally constructed for marriage and marital sexual behavior in every society. Marriage is a universal norm that makes legitimate sexual behavior between a man and a woman in marital life cycle to gain bio-social purposes. Cross-cultural studies reveal that marital sexual frequency as a part of marital sexual behavior not only varies within the ...

in order to evaluate the impact of different amounts of nitrogen fertilizer on growth and yield of two forage sorghum cultivars, a 2-year field experiment was carried out at the college of agriculture, shiraz university, shiraz, iran during 2010 and 2011 growing seasons. two factorial experiments were carried out in randomized block design with three replicates, in which the treatments included...

INTRODUCTION  Total laryngectomy creates deglutition disorders and causes a decrease in quality of life Aim: To describe the impact of swallowing and quality of life of patients after total laryngectomy. METHOD  A case series study. Patients completed a Swallowing and Quality of Life questionnaire composed of 44 questions assessing 11 domains related to quality of life (burden, eating duratio...