Lateral gene transfer (LGT) has been crucial in the evolution of the cholera pathogen, Vibrio cholerae. The two major virulence factors are present on two different mobile genetic elements, a bacteriophage containing the cholera toxin genes and a genomic island (GI) containing the intestinal adhesin genes. Non-toxigenic V. cholerae in the aquatic environment are a major source of novel DNA that...

Objective. Total antioxidant capacity in serum is determined by the total mass of antioxidant substances and the antioxidant capacity per unit mass (average activity). The purpose of this study was to develop a method to determine the mass of antioxidant substances and average activity in human serum. Methods. Specimens of serum were collected from 100 subjects each from two different age group...

Each tree is a Bayesian consensus tree, based on an alignment of homologues from one or more of the target taxa studied in this survey, where LGT from prokaryotes to eukaryotes is the most parsimonious explanation for the resulting tree topology. The key for the symbols used to differentiate the taxonomy of the analyses sequences and provide taxonomic contextualization for the candidate LGTs is...

Introduction: This study deals with the histo-morphometric study of human thyroid glands, with emphasis on pyramidal lobe. Materials & Methods : 102 formalin preserved cadavers were dissected and Thyroid Glands (65 male and 37 female) were studied. The specimens were studied for the extent and dimensions of lobes, isthmus and the number, extent and attachment of both the PL and levator glandula...

I-NET technology (Internet/Intranet) holds great potential for the structuring and support of a company’s business processes. Prior to introducing such technology, however, the following questions need to be answered: Where does this potential lie exactly? Where are the differences in comparison with other IS/IT projects? How productive is an I-NET project? LGT Bank in Liechtenstein is an inter...

Informational genes such as those encoding rRNAs are related to transcription and translation, and are thus considered to be rarely subject to lateral gene transfer (LGT) between different organisms, compared to operational genes having metabolic functions. However, several lines of evidence have suggested or confirmed the occurrence of LGT of DNA segments encoding evolutionarily variable regio...

Flagellar assembly requires the expression of a large number of flagellum-specific genes. However, mutations in a number of other genes in Salmonella and Escherichia coli have been shown to have pleiotropic effects that affect flagellar assembly. FlgH (the L-ring subunit of the flagellar basal body) is a lipoprotein whose modification is important for L-ring assembly. We therefore tested whethe...