A density-of-states Monte Carlo method is proposed for simulations of solid-liquid phase equilibria. A modified Wang-Landau density-of-states sampling approach is used to perform a random walk in regions of potential energy and volume relevant to solid-liquid equilibrium. The method provides a direct estimate of the relative density of states [Omega(U,V)] and thus the relative free energy withi...

Gravity models are powerful tools for mapping tectonic structures, especially in the deep ocean basins where the topography remains unmapped by ships or is buried by thick sediment. We combined new radar altimeter measurements from satellites CryoSat-2 and Jason-1 with existing data to construct a global marine gravity model that is two times more accurate than previous models. We found an exti...

The orbit and instrumental measurement of the Gravity Field and Steady State Ocean Circulation Explorer (GOCE) satellite mission offer the highest ever resolution capabilities for mapping Earth’s gravity field from space. However, past analysis predicted that GOCE would not detect changes in ice sheet mass. Here we demonstrate that GOCE gravity gradiometry observations can be combined with Grav...

Synopsis We report mosquito behaviors for removing accumulated drops of water which would otherwise increase the energy expended during takeoff and free flight. These techniques take advantage of the insect’s small size and great structural strength. To dry their wings before takeoff, mosquitoes employ a flutter stroke, at double the wingbeat frequency of normal flight, generating nearly 2500 g...

An analytical model of a steel strip under alternate bending/reverse bending during roller leveling process is developed. A combined isotropic/kinematic hardening implemented through parameter. formulation the change effective stress as function strain cyclic loading with developed to predict distributions and residual curvature efficiently accurately. Dissimilar commonly used assumption one co...

The high inertia, i.e. high mass and low speed, of a landing spacecraft has the potential to drive a penetrometer into the subsurface without the need for a dedicated deployment mechanism, e.g., during Huygens landing on Titan. Such a method could complement focused subsurface exploration missions, particularly in the low gravity environments of comets and asteroids, as it is conducive to condu...

Higher-dimensional gravity theories may manifest themselves not only at short microscopic distances but also at large cosmological scales. We study the constraints that cosmic microwave background measurements set on such large distance modifications of the gravitational potential.