In recent pediatric trials of acute myeloid leukemia (AML), children with Down syndrome (DS) have had significantly more megakaryoblastic leukemia and have experienced better outcome than other children. To further characterize AML in DS, Children's Cancer Group Studies 2861 and 2891 prospectively studied demography, biology, and response in AML and myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) of children wi...

human rights are the basic standards that people need to live in dignity.  in addition to the rights that are available to all people, there are rights that apply only to children.  children need special rights because of their unique needs;  they need additional protection that adults don’t.  the united nations convention on the rights of the child is an international document that sets out al...

Primary bone marrow blasts from 4 children with t(8;21) acute myeloid leukemia (AML), 6 children with inv(16) AML, and 2 children with t(9;11) AML were injected intravenously or transplanted under the kidney capsule of sublethally irradiated mice with severe combined immunodeficiency (SCID). Leukemic cells from all AML patients infiltrated the SCID mouse thymus, suggesting that the thymic micro...

Abstract Background: Childhood leukemia, the most common type of cancer in children and teens, is a cancer of the white blood cells. As antioxidants can promote immune system against all types of cancer, the aim of this study was to explore the metabolic regulation and anti-oxidative effect of sesquiterpen-rich extract of Ferula Asafoetida (FA) on children with leukemia. Materials and Met...

Children treated for acute leukemia are at increased risk of severe infection with varicella zoster virus (VZV). We studied the VZV sero-status of children with acute leukemia prior to starting chemotherapy and after completion of chemotherapy. VZV sero-status was assessed using time resolved fluorescence immunoassay (TRFIA) before starting treatment and 6 months after completion of treatment. ...

Background & Objective: Although the antigen expression patterns of acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) are well known, this study attempted to evaluate commonly used immune markers for immunophenotyping of acute leukemia to set the minimum of necessary diagnostic panels by flow cytometry. Methods: This study evaluated 89 patients referred from all over th...

  Background and Objective: Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and its receptors (VEGF-R1 and R2) are major regulators of angiogenesis. This study was designed to assess serum levels of VEGF and VEGF-R1 and their prognostic significance in newly diagnosed childhood acute leukemia. Materials and Methods: For this purpose, VEGF and VEGF-R1 were determined using enzyme linked immuno-sorba...

Hematologic malignancy is a risk factor for severe coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in adults; however, data specific to children with leukemia are limited. High-quality infectious adverse event from the ongoing Children's Oncology Group (COG) standard-risk B acute lymphoblastic leukemia/lymphoma (ALL/LLy) trial, AALL1731, were analyzed provide disease-specific estimate of SARS-CoV-2 infecti...

The most common malignancy affecting children is leukemia, which in infants refers to be diagnosed before 1 year of age and relatively rare, but remains a problem for clinicians due its aggressive clinical presentation, poor response current treatments, molecular biology. Infants with acute leukemia tend present features, including hyperleukocytosis, hepatosplenomegaly, central nervous system (...