1Department of Cell Biology, The Scripps Research Institute, 10550 North Torrey Pines Road, SP30-3020, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA 2Department of Molecular Cardiology, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, 9500 Euclid Avenue, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA 3Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Sir Charles Tupper Medical Building, Dalhousie University, 5850 College Street, Halifax, NS,...

iii To God Almighty iv ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS I would like to thank my research advisor, Dr. Lee W. Lerner, for providing me with the opportunity, resources, and guidance which made this work possible. I am also very grateful for Dr. Michael E. West for providing me with the opportunity to work at the Georgia Tech Research Institute. In addition, I would like to thank my Virginia Tech colleagues who ...

1Division of Emergency Medicine and Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, The Hospital for Sick Children, University of Toronto, 555 University Avenue, Toronto, ON, Canada M1G 1X8 2Department of Paediatrics and Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada M5T 3M7 3Children’s Hospital Boston and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02 115, USA 4Cleveland Clinic Le...

3 4 Authors: Steven K. Malin1,2, John P. Kirwan1,2, Chang Ling Sia3, and Frank González3 5 6 7 1Dept. of Pathobiology, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH; 8 2Dept. of Nutrition, School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH; 9 3Dept. of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN. 10 11 12 13 14 Funding: Nationa...

In this journal, Seldon (1986) recently criticized the arc elasticity concept as it is commonly taught in the principles course. In doing so, he resurrected the Lerner (1933a) measure of elasticity, which is based upon the lower values of price and quantity in a price change rather than the average values used in the traditional measure (i.e., the midpoint formula). Seldon argued that the Lerne...

Vladimir S. Lerner 13603 Marina Pointe Drive, Marina Del Rey, CA 90292, USA, [email protected] Abstract Part 1 (Lerner 2012) has studied the conversion of observed random process with its hidden information to related dynamic process applying entropy functional (EF), as entropy measure of the random process, and information path functional (IPF), as information measure of the dynamic conversio...