Networking together hundreds or thousands of cheap microsensor nodes allows users to accurately monitor a remote environment by intelligently combining the data from the individual nodes. These networks require robust wireless communication protocols that are energy efficient and provide low latency. In this paper, we develop and analyze low-energy adaptive clustering hierarchy (LEACH), a proto...

Glycophorin C (GPC) and glycophorin D (GPD) are highly glycosylated integral membrane proteins of human erythrocytes encoded by the same gene and associated with expression of Gerbich blood group system antigens. GPC/D deficiency (the Leach phenotype) is a rare condition usually found after identification of Gerbich blood group system antibodies in persons undergoing prenatal or pretransfusion ...

In recent years, wireless sensor network (WSN) is a rapidly evolving technological platform with tremendous and novel applications. Many routing protocols have been specially designed for WSN because the sensor nodes are typically battery-power. To prolong the network lifetime, power management and energy-efficient routing techniques become necessary. In large scale wireless sensor networks, hi...

In this study, a zinc plant purification cake (CINKUR Co. Turkey) was leached with sulphuric acid and an acidic leach solution containing Zn(II), Fe(II), Pb(II), Al(III), Cu(II), Co(II) and Ni(II) ions was obtained. After purification, ammonium thiocyanate and water were added to the remaining leach solution containing Co(II) and Ni(II) ions to adjust the chemical media and ion concentration. T...

Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) consist of a large number of energy-limited sensor nodes that are densely deployed in a large geographical region. For WSNs, energy efficiency is always a key design issue to improve the life span of the network. In this paper, we propose a routing protocol, called the Clustering-Based Expanding–Ring Routing Protocol (CBERRP), which mainly focuses on the network ...

In Wireless Sensor Network (WSN), the life span depends on the energy consumption of the sensor node, by reducing the energy consumption of each node which in turn increases the lifetime of the network. Clustering is an effective technique to reduce the energy consumption. Low Energy Adaptive Clustering Hierarchy (LEACH) protocol is the first hierarchical cluster based routing protocol successf...

Silicotitanate ion exchange materials are being considered for removal of radioactive Cs and Sr from tank wastes at the Hanford site. The phase evolution as a function of heat treatment temperature for several sol gel derived compositions within the Cs20-Si02-Ti02 system was investigated, in order to determine if an adequate waste form can be achieved by direct thermal conversion. The Cs leach ...

In wireless sensor networks (WSN), sensor nodes just can use battery as their power resource and the power is quite limited. So, energy efficiency research is the key issue in design reasonable wireless sensor network routing protocols. In the paper, a revised cluster election method named LEACH-PSOv has been proposed to strengthen the hierarchical routing protocol low energy adaptive clusterin...

A proper sensor node clustering is an effective topology control that can balance energy consumption among sensor nodes and increase network scalability and life time. As the use of wireless sensor networks (WSNs) has grown enormously, the need for energy-efficient routing and data aggregation has also risen. LEACH (Low Energy Adaptive Cluster Hierarchy)is a hierarchical clustering protocol tha...

We investigated the role of glycophorins C and D in the association of band 4.1 with the erythrocyte membrane by measuring the binding of band 4.1 to erythrocyte inside-out vesicles stripped of endogenous band 4.1. Vesicles were prepared from either normal erythrocytes or erythrocytes completely lacking glycophorins C and D (Leach phenotype). Band 4.1 binding to vesicles from normal erythrocyte...