Soil-based wastewater treatment systems, or leachfields, rely on microbial processes for improving the quality of wastewater before it reaches the groundwater. These processes are affected by physicochemical system properties, such as O2 availability, and disturbances, such as the presence of antimicrobial compounds in wastewater. We examined the microbial community structure of leachfield meso...

Wireless sensor networks (WSN) are spatially distributed micro sensor systems. WSN is a power constrained system, since nodes run on limited power batteries which shorten the life time of the system. Prolonging the life time depends on efficient communication protocol architecture. LEACH hierarchical homogeneous communication protocol which greatly minimizes the energy consumed in collecting an...

Wireless sensors networks (WSNs) are traditionally composed of large number of low-cost and tiny homogenous sensors nodes connected through a wireless network that gather data to be treated locally or relayed to the sink node through multi-hop wireless transmission. Moreover, such issues are very critical due servers resources constraints like efficient energy, stock limitation and lifetime of ...

1 M.Tech Student 2 Assistant Professor 1,2 Department of Computer Science and Engineering 1,2 Shivalik Institute Of Engineering &Technology, Aliyaspur, Ambala Abstract— This research work examines the competing issues of energy consumption efficiency in wireless sensor networks. For this purpose, we considered a multi-objective Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) in the selection of Cluster Head ...

In wireless sensor networks, power is the most essential resource because each sensor node has limited batteries. Many kinds of existing clustering protocols have been developed to balance and maximize lifetime of the sensor nodes in wireless sensor networks. These protocols select cluster heads periodically, and they considered only ‘How can we select cluster heads energy-efficiently?’ or ‘Wha...

Objectives: To develop an energy efficient routing protocol using SA-LEACH to Wireless Sensor Networks (WSN). Methods: The Simulated Annealing (SA) and LEACH algorithms are used optimize the maximize active period of network nodes. Here, initially selection cluster head will be chosen by protocol; however, it is further investigated SA algorithm get better neighboring node (if exist) when compa...

The low-energy adaptive clustering hierarchy (LEACH) protocol has been developed to be implemented in wireless sensor networks (WSNs) systems such as healthcare and military systems. LEACH depends on the employed sensors electing one cluster head (CH) for each cluster. CH nodes are changed periodically evenly distribute energy load among sensors. Updating node requires different re-clustering T...