We proposed a new index of the classification of organisms (cells) based on the appearance frequency of four nucleotides (bases) of various genomes. In double logarithmic plot of L (distance of a base to the next base, x-axis) vs F (frequencies of a base at L, y-axis), each value of four bases was expressed in y = ae at L = 1 ~ 15, and y = Ux + W (power-law-tail) at L = more than 16 bases, resp...

Abstract According to the 2021 Rule of Law Index , one leading global indicators on rule law published annually by World Justice Project, Russia and Turkey ranked 101st 117th, respectively, among 139 countries (WJP. [online]. https://worldjusticeproject.org/our-work/research-and-data/wjp-rule-law-index-2021 2021). The low positions these two in is unsurprising given that both are non-democracie...

The convective heat transfer and pressure drop of water based Al2O3 nanofluid in a horizontal tube subject to constant wall temperature condition is investigated by computational fluid dynamic (CFD) method. The Al2O3 nanofluid at five volume concentration of 0.1, 0.5, 1.0, 1.5 and 2 % are applied as a non Newtonian power law and Newtonian fluid with experimentally measured properties of density...

Data are presented showing that the course of decline of egg production with age in the domestic fowl from the time laying begins up to and including 8 years follows an exponential law, that is, each year's egg production is a constant percentage of the preceding year's production (88 per cent in the group of fowl studied). Since the exponential law is the same as the law of monomolecular chang...

Paraxial light in a Cole-Cole nonlocal medium: integrable regimes and singularities. ABSTRACT Nonlocal nonlinear Schrödinger-type equation is derived as a model to describe paraxial light propagation in nonlinear media with different 'degrees' of nonlocality. High frequency limit of this equation is studied under specific assumptions of Cole-Cole dispersion law and a slow dependence along propa...

Based on the minute-by-minute data of the Hang Seng Index in Hong Kong and the analysis of probability distribution and autocorrelations, we find that the index fluctuations for the first few minutes of daily opening show behaviors very different from those of the other times. In particular, the properties of tail distribution, which will show the power law scaling with exponent about −4 or an ...

We measure two-dimensional profiles of collimated microwave beams transmitted through composite wire and split-ring resonator prisms. Prior experiments suggest these structures have a negative index of refraction, though these claims have been questioned. Our 2D measurements demonstrate that transmission obeys Snell's law with a negative index, confirming the refractive nature of this signal an...

We investigate existence and structure of solutions to quadratic control problems with semi-explicit differential algebraic constraints. By means of an equivalent index-1 formulation we identify conditions for the unique existence of optimal solutions. Knowing of the existence of an optimal input we provide a representation of the associated feedback-law via a Riccatilike decoupling that is for...

An exact and fast analytic method based on power series is established to predict the modal field distributions, Petermann-2 spot size, the normalized propagation constant corresponding to fundamental and first higher order mode in graded index fibers with any arbitrary power law profile. The variation of normalized cut-off frequencies of some LPlm modes in graded index fibers with different pr...

Recent research has focused on studying the patterns in the digits of closely followed stock market indeces (see, e.g., Ley and Varian (1994) and Koedijk and Stork (1994)). In this paper, we find that the series of one-day returns on the Dow-Jones Industrial Average Index (djia) and the Standard and Poor’s Index (s&p) reasonably agrees with Benford’s law and, therefore, belongs to the family of...