BACKGROUND Chronic sacroiliac (SI) joint pain constitutes 16% to 30% of the total prevalence of chronic low back pain, which is commonly unilateral. Apart from conservative management, various interventional pain management procedures have been reported. Intraarticular deposteroid injection has been described as the most evidence-based, but different various radio frequency (RF) procedures have...

OBJECTIVE To perform nerve conduction studies of the four branches of the superficial peroneal nerves to determine normal values and anatomic variations in Koreans. METHOD Antidromic sensory nerve conduction studies of the four distal branches were performed on 70 healthy subjects (100 feet). We applied electrical stimulation at the midpoint of medial and lateral malleoli for the medial dorsa...

Root and shoot branches are major determinants of plant form and critical for the effective capture of resources below and above ground. These branches are often maintained at specific angles with respect to gravity, known as gravitropic set point angles (GSAs). We have previously shown that the mechanism permitting the maintenance of non-vertical GSAs is highly auxin-dependent and here we inve...

Cardiac resynchronization therapy (CRT) is a therapeutic option for heart failure patients with a severely reduced left ventricular ejection fraction and left bundle branch block (Cleland et al., 2001). Ventricular resynchronization is achieved by biventricular pacing, usually via electrodes in the right ventricular apex and a left ventricular (LV) electrode positioned in a coronary vein. About...

end increased there was an increase in the mean length of lateral produced from each bud. In the first group a maximum was reached at about the 48th bud. The maximum length of lateral in the second group'was attained near the 80th bud, and in the third group near the 119th bud. The second group overlaps the margins of the adjoining groups and the calculated values of the overlapping portions mu...

The genesis of IRBBB pattern was studied by incising subdivisions of the right bundle branch in 23 anesthetized dogs. The excised heart, perfused with Tyrode's solution using Langendorff's technique, was placed within a simplified model of the human torso. This procedure greatly improves vision, offering a completely unimpeded direct view of the right ventricular cavity during the incising proc...

An important aspect of plant development is the order in which lateral buds are activated to produce branches. This order may manifest itself, for example, in the gradient of branch lengths, or in the flowering sequence. One progression type is acropetal, with the lateral buds activated from the bottom up. Other plants exhibit a basipetal sequence of bud activation, with a downward progression ...

BACKGROUND The medial sural (medial gastrocnemius) perforator flap is a thin flap with a long pedicle. It has tremendous potential for applications in a variety of soft-tissue defects. We aimed to further clarify the vascular anatomy of the medial sural region and establish a safe approach for elevation of this flap. METHODS Ten fresh cadaveric lower limbs were injected and used in this study...

1. We studied the morphology of individual, physiologically identified retinogeniculate axons in normal adult cats. The axons were recorded in the lateral geniculate nucleus or in the subjacent optic tract, characterized as X or Y by physiological criteria, penetrated, and injected with horseradish peroxidase. With subsequent application of appropriate histochemistry, the enzyme provides a comp...

Herbaceous peony (Paeonia lactiflora Pall.) is an emerging high-grade cut flower worldwide, which is usually used in wedding bouquets and known as the "wedding flower". However, abundant lateral branches appear frequently in some excellent cultivars, and a lack of a method to remove Paeonia lactiflora lateral branches other than inefficient artificial methods is an obstacle for improving the qu...