Employing the dataset of WTI oil spot price and stock price index in China Brazil, India, US, German, France, UK and Japan, this paper obtains five subinterval of whole sample range through a nonparametric multiple change point algorithms. Furthermore, it analyses dependence between oil spot price and stock price index through copula model and computes the value of VaR and ES based on simulatio...

in the process of milk production, the highest cost relates to animal feed. based on reports provided by the experts, around seventy percent of dairy livestock costs included feed costs. in order to minimize the total price of livestock feed, according to the limits of feed sources in each region or season, and also the transportation and maintenance costs and ultimately milk price reduction, o...

We will apply the successive approximation method forproving the Hyers--Ulam stability of a linear integral equation ofthe second kind.

Price indices are constructed to represent a population by using a sample of household expenditure information as weights. This expenditure information must be aggregated across households. In most cases, including the U.S. Consumer Price Index (CPI), the aggregation method used corresponds to a plutocratic index. Other types of aggregation, such as the democratic index, are also possible, and,...

Legislation enacted in 1972 introduced an automatic benefit increase provision into the Old-Age, Survivors, and Disability Insurance (OASDI) program of the United States.’ Present law calls for the adjustment of benefits for those already on the rolls to keep pace with inflation whenever the Consumer Price Index (CPI) rises by 3 percent or more from the first quarter of one year to the first qu...

The practice of making hedonic-based price adjustments to remove the effects of quality changes in goods and services that enter into the calculation of the U.S. Consumer Price Index (CPI) has to date focused primarily on indexes for consumer electronics, appliances, housing, and apparel. In an effort to expand the use of hedonic adjustments to a service-oriented area of the CPI, this article i...

In the present article, we introduce Chlodowsky variant of $(p,q)$-Bernstein operators and compute the moments for these operators which are used in proving our main results. Further, we study some approximation properties of these new operators, which include the rate of convergence using usual modulus of continuity and also the rate of convergence when the function $f$ belongs to the class Li...