Vertical transmission of dengue type 1 virus was demonstrated by a strain of Haemagogus equinus mosquitoes from Panama. Parental females were infected by intrathoracic inoculation and egg production was stimulated by feeding on mice. Dengue 1 virus was detected in fourth instar larval progeny obtained from two installment hatches of eggs. Minimum filial infection rates ranged up to 1:495.

Larvae and pupae of Potamyia phaidra Malicky and Chantaramongkol (Trichoptera: Hydropsychidae) were collected from montane streams in southern Thailand. Pupal identifications were based on genitalic features in common with described adults, and larvae were associated with the pupae. Herein, the final larval instar and pupa are described, diagnosed, and figured.

Fraxinellone, a well-known and significant naturally occurring compound isolated from Meliaceae and Rutaceae spp. has been widely used as a drug for the treatment of tumors. On the other hand, fraxinellone exhibited a variety of insecticidal activities including feeding-deterrent activity, inhibition of growth, and larvicidal activity. The present study focused on the antifeedant and larvicidal...

The conifer needle scale, Nuculaspis abietis (Schrank) emerged as an important pest of conifers in the Kelardasht region of Mazandaran province, Iran, in the late 1990’s. This pest feeds on conifer needles and twigs causing needle drop and branch desiccation. Its discovery in Kelardasht in Mazandaran Province necessitated a local quarantine of conifers in the genera Picea, Abies, and Pinus. We ...

A larval moult in the tobacco hornworm, Manduca sexta, involves an endocrine cascade that begins with the release of a cerebral peptide hormone, the prothoracicotropic hormone (PTTH). The release of PTTH is gated, occurs during the scotophase and appears to be developmentally cued. In fourth instar Manduca larvae, PTTH release into the haemolymph occurs as a single burst over a few hours during...

The coconut Rhinoceros beetle (Oryctes rhinoceros) is one of the most damaging insect to coconut palms in India. The experimental study on the growth response of 3 instar larvae of Oryctes rhinoceros infesting the coconut trees. The LC50/96 hours value for the larvae of Oryctes rhinoceros were 29.5% for neem cake powder, 24.5% for neem oil and 14.9% for distillery effluent respectively. In the ...

An expanded list of generic level larval characteristics is presented for Chrysopodes; it includes a reinterpretation of the mesothoracic and metathoracic structure and setation. Keys, descriptions and images of Semaphoront A (first instar) and Semaphoront B (second and third instars) are offered for identifying five species of Chrysopodes (Chrysopodes) that are commonly reported from horticult...