Context Spiny lobsters are critically affected by ocean current movements over their long journey from hatching to swimming post-larvae (puerulus). Methods Isolating three different larval stages of the Western rock lobster (Panulirus cygnus), we have applied three-dimensional larval-dispersal modelling techniques Aims To better understand a period unusually low puerulus settlement in late 2000...

BACKGROUND & OBJECTIVES The resistance in vectors to conventional insecticides warrants development of newer insecticides for mosquito control besides use of other counter-measures. The present study was undertaken to test the efficacy of a new and toxicologically safe organophosphorus compound, Reldan (chlorpyrifos-methyl) and compare its efficacy with Dursban (chlorphyrifos-ethyl) against lar...

Parasite assemblages of marine fishes include an important number of larval stages of helminth parasite species that use fish as intermediate or as paratenic hosts. In previous comparative studies, larval helminths have typically been lumped with other endoparasites, and there has been therefore no study of the biodiversity and relative abundance of larval helminths and of the factors that may ...

The majority of benthic organisms inhabiting the nearshore, roughly the zone from 0 to 30 m water depth, have planktonic larvae that inhabit the pelagic environment, where larvae accumulate in an offshore larval pool away from their adult habitats. After a period of time ranging from minutes to years, with a 3 4 week mode for temperate species (Levin & Bridges, 1995), these larvae must return s...

BACKGROUND Malaria, caused by the parasite Plasmodium falciparum, is a significant source of morbidity and mortality in southern Zambia. In the Mapanza Chiefdom, where transmission is seasonal, Anopheles arabiensis is the dominant malaria vector. The ability to predict larval habitats can help focus control measures. METHODS A survey was conducted in March-April 2007, at the end of the rainy ...

Three new species of Olethreutinae (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae) from the United States are described and illustrated. Eucosma paregoria Brown, n. sp., is associated with prairies and glades, primarily in midwestern U.S. Cydia marita Brown, n. sp., is common in southeastern U.S., ranging from Texas to Florida and north along the eastern seaboard to Virginia. Cydia timara Brown, n. sp., occurs in t...

For marine, benthic animals, duration of planktonic larval stages is expected to correlate with dispersal ability, and thus species ranges, at least where planktonic dispersal is necessary to reach habitats. Yet past analyses of larval duration and species ranges across the insular Pacific show at most a weak correlation. So, do larvae matter in determining species ranges in such an island sett...

Reduction in global ocean pH due to the uptake of increased atmospheric CO(2) is expected to negatively affect calcifying organisms, including the planktonic larval stages of many marine invertebrates. Planktonic larvae play crucial roles in the benthic-pelagic life cycle of marine organisms by connecting and sustaining existing populations and colonizing new habitats. Calcified larvae are typi...