T he advantages of using a rubber dam are well-known when performing operative and endodontic procedures. These benefits include the following: disolation of the operating field to keep it dry and clean; dimproved access and visibility; dpotentially improved properties of dental materials; dprotection of the patient and dentist; dimproved operating efficiency. 1 Preparing teeth for indirect res...

To understand the regulation of cell proliferation by tyrosine phosphorylation, characterization of protein tyrosine phosphatases (PTPase; protein-tyrosine-phosphate phosphohydrolase, EC 3.1.3.48) is essential. The human genes LCA (leukocyte common antigen) and LAR encode putative receptor-linked PTPases. By using consensus sequence probes, two additional receptor-linked PTPase genes, DLAR and ...

Anthocyanidin reductase (ANR) and leucoanthocyanidin reductase (LAR) play an important role in the monomeric units biosynthesis of proanthocyanidins (PAs) such as catechin and epicatechin in several plants. The aim of this study was to clone ANR and LAR genes involved in PAs biosynthesis and examine the expression of these two genes in different organs under different growth conditions in two t...

A 30-year-old Caucasian man presented with severe Cushing's syndrome (CS) resulting from ectopic adrenocorticotropin syndrome (EAS) from a metastatic pancreatic neuroendocrine tumor. The patient remained hypercortisolemic despite treatment with steroidogenesis inhibitors, chemotherapy, and octreotide long-acting release (LAR) and was enrolled in a 24-week, phase 3 clinical trial of mifepristone...

Different classes of photoreceptor neurons (R cells) in the Drosophila compound eye connect to specific targets in the optic lobe. Using a behavioral screen, we identified LAR, a receptor tyrosine phosphatase, as being required for R cell target specificity. In LAR mutant mosaic eyes, R1-R6 cells target to the lamina correctly, but fail to choose the correct pattern of target neurons. Although ...

Receptor protein-tyrosine phosphatases (RPTPs) are key players in Drosophila development. To study the role of RPTPs in vertebrate development, we have cloned zebrafish (zf) RPTPs, including RPTP alpha (RPTPalpha), RPTP sigma (RPTPsigma) and LAR. These three RPTPs are broadly transcribed in early development. At 24h post fertilisation (hpf), all three genes are expressed in the nervous system i...

Large-scale dams are controversial public infrastructure projects due to the unevenly distributed benefits and losses to local regions. The central government can make redistributive fiscal transfers to attenuate the impacts and reduce the inequality among local governments, but whether large-scale dam projects are Pareto improving is still a question. Using the geographic variation of dam impa...

The Escherichia coli dam adenine-N6 methyltransferase modifies DNA at GATC sequences. It is involved in post-replicative mismatch repair, control of DNA replication and gene regulation. We show that E. coli dam acts as a functional monomer and methylates only one strand of the DNA in each binding event. The preferred way of ternary complex assembly is that the enzyme first binds to DNA and then...

We reported previously that a Salmonella enterica serovar Enteritidis dam mutant expressing a truncated Dam protein does not agglutinate in the presence of specific antibodies against O9 polysaccharide. Here we investigate the participation of Dam in lipopolysaccharide (LPS) synthesis in Salmonella. The LPS O-antigen profiles of a dam null mutant (SEDeltadam) and the Salmonella serovar Enteriti...

The Burdekin River, Queensland, Australia drains a catchment area of ~130,000 km and contributes approximately 30% of the total sediment supplied (~ 3.8 t) to the Great Barrier Reef Lagoon from all Great Barrier Reef catchments. Much of this watershed (~115,000 km) drains into the Burdekin Falls Dam, the largest dam reservoir in Queensland (1,860 GL capacity; 224 km surface area; average depth ...