the following question poped up: is there any relationship between iranian high school efl learners reading comprehension and listening comprehension? then the following null hypothesis (ho) was developed to the test the above, mentioned question. "there is no relationship between high school efl learners reading comprehension and listening comprehension. for nearly 16 weeks, the experimental g...

nowadays in trade and economic issues, prediction is proposed as the most important branch of science. existence of effective variables, caused various sectors of the economic and business executives to prefer having mechanisms which can be used in their decisions. in recent years, several advances have led to various challenges in the science of forecasting. economical managers in various fi...

the purpose of this study was to examine the status of supervision on departments’ heads at ferdowsi university of mashhad (fum) and realize some applied themes to provide a fit model for supervising departments’ heads in fum. the method was case study under a research category aimed for applied one. using purposive sampling, interviews were conducted with top fum managers, head departments, an...

هدف اصلی تحقیق حاضر تبیین تاثیر برنامه ریزی پیش از انجام تکلیف بر بهبود مهارت نوشتاری زبان آموزان ایرانی در آموزش زبان تکلیف محور می باشد. به بیانی دیگر، این مطالعه رابطه بین برنامه ریزی پیش از انجام تکلیف و دو ویژگی زبانی در عملکرد نوشتاری یعنی پیچیدگی و دقت در مهارت نوشتاری را در سی یادگیرنده زبان در دو بخش عمده بررسی می کند. ابزارهای مورد استفاده برای جمع آوری داده ها در مطالعه حاضر شامل آزم...

abstract previous studies on willingness to communicate (wtc) have shown the influence of many individual or situational factors on students’ tendency to engage in classroom communication, in which wtc has been viewed either at the trait-level or situational level. however, due to the complexity of the notion of willingness to communicate, the present study suggests that these two strands are ...