This work describes the high capacity of MelA ?-galactosidase from Lactobacillus plantarum WCFS1 to transfer galactosyl residues melibiose C6-hydroxyl group disaccharide-acceptors with ?-linkages (lactulose, lactose, and cellobiose) or ?-linkages (isomaltulose isomaltose) produce novel galactose-containing hetero-oligosaccharides (HOS). A comprehensive nuclear magnetic resonance characterizatio...

Rates of hydrogen and methane production were compared in caecal and faecal homogenates in six methane producers. Faecal homogenates produced hydrogen and methane in the absence of and after the addition of lactulose, whereas caecal homogenates produced hydrogen but little methane.

Hepatic encephalopathy (HE) has been related to gut bacteria and inflammation in the setting of intestinal barrier dysfunction. We aimed to link the gut microbiome with cognition and inflammation in HE using a systems biology approach. Multitag pyrosequencing (MTPS) was performed on stool of cirrhotics and age-matched controls. Cirrhotics with/without HE underwent cognitive testing, inflammator...

The gut barrier monitors and protects the gastrointestinal tract from challenges such as microorganisms, toxins and proteins that could act as antigens. There is evidence that gut barrier dysfunction may act as a primary disease mechanism in intestinal disorders. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the barrier function towards sugars after the appropriate treatment of celiac disease an...

BACKGROUND Whilst the use of the mannitol/lactulose test for intestinal permeability has been long established it is not known whether the doses of these sugars modify transit time Similarly it is not known whether substances such as aspirin that are known to increase intestinal permeability to lactulose and mannitol and those such as ascorbic acid which are stated to be beneficial to gastroint...

Cases with Hirschsprung's disease show the functional intestinal obstruction. Obstruction in these patients may lead to bacterial overgrowth with stasis and inflammation of the colon. Bacterial overgrowth can cause hyperammonemia that makes lethargy and loss of conscious and finally admitting in ICU. The purpose of this case report is to present a case that had Hirschsprung's disease and referr...

PURPOSE Various gastrointestinal factors may contribute to maladaptive behavior in children with autism spectrum disorders (ASD). To determine the association between maladaptive behavior in children with ASD and gastrointestinal symptoms such as severity, intestinal microbiota, inflammation, enterocyte damage, permeability and absorption of opioid peptides. METHODS This observational cross-s...

OBJECTIVE The objective of this study was to evaluate the intestinal barrier function in leukemia patients before the start of the chemotherapy with an intestinal permeability test using lactulose and mannitol as markers. METHODS The study enrolled 20 patients diagnosed with leukemia (acute and chronic). Ten healthy volunteers were also submitted to the test as a control group. RESULTS The ...