Stevia rebaudiana Bert (Asteraceae) is herbaceous plant with sweet leaves, which are the source of sweetener products. The present study focuses on effects of different combination of plant growth regulators on callus induction, callus cell growth and regeneration and volatile constituents from callus of stevia in tissue culture condition. The results of present study showed callus formation p...

Teucrium chamaedrys is regarded as an herbaceous perennial plant from Lamiaceae family that is used as medicinal plants and food from ancient times. Due to the recent developments in tissue culture techniques and extraction of secondary metabolites, this study aimed to investigate the explants of the Teucrium for callus induction and secondary metabolites. The interaction of Auxin hormones incl...

OBJECTIVES The purpose here is to identify those processes that account for the more active and supportive kinship networks among Black oldest old than found among their White age peers. METHODS Focused interviews were conducted with 122 Blacks 85 years and older. Both open-ended and semistructured questions were asked in order to determine how Blacks defined family and kinship membership, th...

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The aim of this study was to identify and describe the governing ethical values that next of kin experience in interaction with nurses who care for elderly patients at a geriatric clinic. Interviews with 14 next of kin were conducted and data were analysed by constant comparative analysis. Four categories were identified: receiving, showing respect, facilitating participation and showing profes...

Kin selection is a fundamentally important process that affects the evolution of social behaviours. The genomics revolution now provides the opportunity to test kin selection theory using genomic data. In this commentary, we discuss previous studies that explored the link between kin selection and patterns of variation within the genome. We then present a new theory aimed at understanding the e...

Kin recognition, the ability to distinguish kin from non-kin, can facilitate cooperation between relatives. Evolutionary theory predicts that polymorphism in recognition cues, which is essential for effective recognition, would be unstable. Individuals carrying rare recognition cues would benefit less from social interactions than individuals with common cues, leading to loss of the genetic-cue...