Both natural and synthetic estrogens are capable of inducing renal neoplasms in Syrian hamsters with an incidence approaching 100%. Neither the sequence of events nor the mechanisms involved in estrogen carcinogenesis in this model have been established. Results presented here indicate that estrogen induces renal tubular damage in the hamster kidney that is progressive and cumulative. Tubular i...

abstract salivary gland tumors are among the pathologies in the head and neck that may be challenging in diagnosis and treatment. most benign tumors occur in the parotid gland. pleomorphic adenoma is the most common type. basal cell adenoma is a subtype of the monomorphic adenoma with rare occurrence. proper diagnosis and clinical evaluation by the use of radiography can lead the physician to t...

background and objective: approximately 45% of benign peripheral nerve sheath tumors (pnst) occur in head and neck regions. malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumors (mpnst) are less common and only 8-15% of these tumors occur in head and neck region. in this study, we aimed at evaluating the demographic characteristics, pathologic findings, locations, main clinical presentations and family hist...

An epithelial tumor with acidophilic intranuclear inclusions frequently occurs in the kidneys of leopard frogs. This tumor usually has the appearance of an infiltrating and destructive adenocarcinoma, which, when large, not uncommonly metastasizes; less often it is more orderly and adenomatous. When inoculated as living fragments or cell suspensions into the lymph sacs, the cranial cavity, or t...

Tubulointerstitial fibrosis is a common end point of chronic kidney diseases, and preventing its progression is key to avoiding renal failure. Transforming growth factor‑β (TGF‑β) and associated molecules promote tubulointerstitial fibrosis; however, effective therapies targeting these molecules have yet to be developed. Lysyl oxidase‑like 2 (LOXL2), which is involved in invasive growth and met...