BACKGROUND Acute kidney injury due to glomerular bleeding has been described with IgA nephropathy and supratherapeutic warfarin anticoagulation. There is usually demonstrable tubular obstruction by erythrocyte casts associated with acute tubular injury. Although severe thrombocytopaenia increases the risk of bleeding, most cases of haematuria have been ascribed to non-glomerular or urological b...

Kidney injury molecule-1 (KIM-1), a recently discovered transmembrane protein, is expressed in dedifferentiated proximal renal tubular epithelial cells in damaged regions. It may participate in the progress of renal injury or repair. Many studies have illustrated the different functions of KIM-1 in various renal diseases including protective functions in acute kidney injury and damaging functio...

Ascites, oliguria and increasing serum creatinine levels are often noted in patients with acute kidney injury. However, these presentations are also observed in patients with intraperitoneal urinary leakage. Bladder perforation without obvious trauma is sometimes mistaken for acute kidney injury. We report two cases of bladder perforation resembling acute kidney injury. The first case was a 37-...

Background: Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a common complication associated with cardiac surgery cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) deleterious effect on morbidity and mortality. The current st...

Acute kidney injury can result from a multitude of factors, including drug-induced causes. Medications like vancomycin and piperacillin/tazobactam have shown to be correlated with deterioration of the kidneys when used in excess or concomitantly with other potential offending agents [1,2]. While these agents have been both been associated with potential nephrotoxcity there is limited data on th...

Fluid therapy remains one of the fundamental treatment options available for patients with acute kidney injury. However, there remains debate over several aspects of this treatment with many questions unanswered. Firstly, how do we prescribe fluid in this group of patients? Secondly, what is the role of fluid therapy in patients with or at risk of developing acute kidney injury and thirdly, wha...

background & target: ischemia reperfusion injury is the tissue damage caused when blood supply returns to the tissue after a period of ischemia or lack of oxygen. in this study, the effect of pentoxyfylline on bcl2 gene expression changes and cell injury in kidney of rat following ischemia reperfusion were evaluated.methods: in this experimental study, 20 male wistar rats with average weight of...

global cerebral ischemia (gci) and reperfusion induced apoptosis that lead to cell injury and death. the bax and bcl-2 are pro-apoptotic and anti-apoptotic genes, respectively. these genes belong to the b-cell lymphoma-2 (bcl-2) family.in this study; we assessed the effect of pentoxifylline drug on bax/bcl2 gene dosage expression changes following   ischemic reperfusion injury in kidney. in thi...

OBJECTIVE Acute kidney injury is common in critically ill patients and is associated with significant morbidity and mortality. Patients across the spectrum of critical illness have acute kidney injury. This requires clinicians from across disciplines to be familiar with recent advances in definitions, diagnosis, prevention, and management of acute kidney injury in the intensive care unit. The p...