background: hypertension is one the most common causes of chronic kidney disease (ckd). one of the major concerns in hypertensive patients is early detection of renal disorders. in the past, serum creatinine (scr) concentration was used as a marker of kidney function, but it proffers a late reflection of reduced glomerular filtration rate. cystatin c and neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocal...

Kidney disease in HIV-infected persons manifests in a variety of ways, including acute kidney injury (AKI), HIV-associated kidney disease, comorbid chronic kidney disease (CKD), and treatment-related kidney toxicity. The burden of CKD and end-stage renal disease (ESRD) remains high in the HIVinfected population. There are several important caveats to consider when diagnosing and managing kidney...

Background: There is evidence that exposure to heat stress over time may lead to chronic kidney disease. This study aimed to summarize the evidence on the effects of heat stress on renal function among individuals exposed to occupational heat stress. Materials and Methods: In this systematic review, all papers on the effect of heat stress on kidney function among workers at any workplace and h...

Renal functional reserve (RFR) represents the capacity of the kidney to increase glomerular filtration rate (GFR) in response to certain physiological or pathological stimuli or conditions. Once baseline GFR is determined, RFR can be assessed clinically after an oral protein load or intravenous amino acid infusion. In clinical practice, baseline GFR displays variable levels due to diet or other...