The purpose of this study is to evaluate the dimensional changes that occur in the alveolar ridge after minimally traumatic tooth extraction by means of computed tomography (CT), with special focus on the portion of bone supporting the gingival zenith. Twenty subjects with indication for singlerooted tooth extraction and preserved alveolar walls were selected for this study. After a minimally t...

It is difficult to distinguish the independent effects of gravity from those of inertia on a running animal. Simply adding mass proportionally changes both the weight (gravitational force) and mass (inertial force) of the animal. We measured ground reaction forces for eight male humans running normally at 3 m s(-)(1) and under three experimental treatments: added gravitational and inertial forc...

In this study we tried to consider effect of vertical component of  near zone earthquake (10 to 15 km far from fault) such as Kobe 1995, Northridge 1994, Loma prieta 1989 and Chichi 1999 on a concrete cable bridge by a 320m span in the middle which was built on different type of soils. The SAP software (version14) was selected because I should have done linear and non-linear time history anal...

Introduction: High heel shoes affect the knee joint and can cause arthritis in the tibiofemoral (TFJ) and patellofemoral joints (PFJ). There is a dearth of research investigating the contact forces of TFJ and PFJ. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to assess the effect of high heel shoes on muscle forces as well as TFJ, and PFJ contact forces during walking.   Materials & Methods: A tot...

We report the detection of an earthquake by a space-based measurement. The Gravity Recovery and Climate Experiment (GRACE) satellites observed a +/-15-microgalileo gravity change induced by the great December 2004 Sumatra-Andaman earthquake. Coseismic deformation produces sudden changes in the gravity field by vertical displacement of Earth's layered density structure and by changing the densit...

In this paper, the non-linear dynamic response of rectangular atomic force microscopy in tapping mode is considered. The effect of cantilever’s geometrical parameters (e.g., cantilever length, width, thickness, tip length and the angle between the cantilever and the sample's surface in liquid environment has been studied by taking into account the interaction forces. Results indicate that the r...

The author's recent investigations on plate theories form the basis to review development of plate theories. In spite of several review articles on plate theories reported in the literature, the present work is essentially due to Jemielita's inspiring article (1993). It is shown that methods of analysis based on vertical displacement as domain variable deal with solution of associated torsion p...

We use the optical pickup head of a commercial compact disk (CD)/digital versatile disk (DVD) read only memory (ROM) drive to detect the vertical displacement of micro fabricated cantilever in atomic force microscopy (AFM). Both the contact and AC modes of AFM are demonstrated. The single atomic steps of graphite can be resolved, indicating that atomic resolution in the vertical displacement de...

The purpose of this study was to examine reaction forces transmitted to the upper extremities of high-level gymnasts during the round-off phase of the Yurchenko vault. A secondary purpose of this study was to compare reaction forces during the Yurchenko vault to reaction forces observed in a tumbling pass during the floor exercise. Ten high-level, female gymnasts volunteered to participate. Con...