Despite progress in recent decades, many crucial challenges to the eradication of extreme poverty remain intractable. Development interventions often fail deliver sustained, transformational outcomes households and communities. The field design has demonstrated its capacity designed artifacts that enhance livelihoods well-being people living resource poor communities, but it remains unclear how...

BACKGROUND AND METHODOLOGY Due to geographic overlap of malaria and visceral leishmaniasis (VL), co-infections may exist but have been poorly investigated. To describe prevalence, features and risk factors for VL-malaria co-infections, a case-control analysis was conducted on data collected at Amudat Hospital, Uganda (2000-2006) by Médecins sans Frontières. Cases were identified as patients wit...

AIMS There is increasing awareness of the needs of children with low vision, particularly in developing countries where programmes of integrated education are being developed. However, appropriate low vision services are usually not available or affordable. The aims of this study were, firstly, to assess the need for spectacles and optical low vision devices in students with low vision in schoo...

Background: HIV/AIDS is the principal pandemic in the world today. Two viral types (HIV-1 and HIV-2), with numerous groups (M, N and O for HIV-1 and A through H for HIV-2) have emerged. These have further proliferated into numerous subtypes, sub-subtypes and circulating recombinant forms (CRF) over the last 30 years. HIV-1 variants circulate together within a geographical region providing an op...

Despite a growing focus on disability-inclusive employment and livelihoods, people with intellectual disabilities their families remain underrepresented in both the literature programming. This paper identifies key barriers to inclusive collected through six (6) groups made up of (N:54) family members (N:45) Kenya, Uganda, Nigeria, Bangladesh. Self-advocates report stigma, denial access educati...

BACKGROUND The enormous impact of HIV on communities and health services in Sub-Saharan Africa and the Caribbean has especially affected nurses, who comprise the largest proportion of the health workforce in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). Strengthening action-based leadership for and by nurses is a means to improve the uptake of evidence-informed practices for HIV care. METHODS A p...

Small Hydro-power Plants (SHP) are an important source of electricity in many countries. However, little is known about SHP in Kenya. This paper reviews the status, challenges in implementation of SHP and prospects for future development of SHP in Kenya. The paper shows that SHP has not yet fully utilized the available hydro-power potential. The challenges associated with SHP development should...