(Fig. 1).3) Butirosin (Fig. 2) has the L-HABA structure as an acylated side chain on its 2-deoxystreptamine molecule. The structural analogies between AMK and BTR suggest that AMK could be formed by feeding KMA to a broth culture of B. circulars. Recent reports on the biosynthesis of BTR4•5) indicate that the coupling of L-HABA to the ribostamycin (RBT) molecule (Fig. 2) could be one of the las...

Opacity-associated protein A (OapA), which is responsible for the transparent-colony phenotype of Haemophilus influenzae, has been implicated in the colonization of the nasopharynx in an infant rat model of carriage. In this report, we show that OapA mediates attachment to Chang epithelial cells examined by using genetically defined type b and nontypeable H. influenzae strains with or without O...

An 8.1-kb DNA fragment from Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae that contains six open reading frames (ORF) was cloned. The ORF encodes proteins similar to flagellar proteins FlhB, FlhA, FlhF, and FliA, plus two proteins of unknown function, ORF234 and ORF319, from Bacillus subtilis and other organisms. These ORF have a similar genomic organization to those of their homologs in other bacteria. Theflh...

BBK32, a fibronectin-binding protein of Borrelia burgdorferi, is one of many surface lipoproteins that are differentially expressed by the Lyme disease spirochete at various stages of its life cycle. The level of BBK32 expression in B. burgdorferi is highest during infection of the mammalian host and lowest in flat ticks. This temporal expression profile, along with its fibronectin-binding acti...

A new class of mutants deficient in nitrate assimilation was obtained from the cyanobacterium Synechococcus elongatus strain PCC7942 by means of random insertional mutagenesis. A 0.5-kb genomic region had been replaced by a kanamycin resistance gene cassette in the mutant, resulting in inactivation of two genes, one of which was homologous to the recently characterized cnaT gene of Anabaena sp....

Hemorrhagic septicemia (HS) is a fatal systemic disease of cattle and buffaloes. In South Asia HS is caused by infection with Pasteurella multocida serotype B:2. Some control is achieved with alum-precipitated or oil-adjuvanted killed whole-cell vaccines injected subcutaneously, but these vaccines provide only short-term immunity and require annual administration for effective use. Live attenua...

Community associated methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus (CA-MRSA) is an emerging pathogen increasingly reported to cause skin and soft tissue infections for children. The emergence of highly virulencet CA-MRSA strains in the immunodeficiency of young children seemed to be the basic explanation of the increased incidence of CA-MRSA infections among this population. The subjects of this ...

The structure of the lipid A from Rhizobium etli and Rhizobium leguminosarum lipopolysaccharides (LPSs) lacks phosphate and contains a galacturonosyl residue at its 4' position, an acylated 2-aminogluconate in place of the proximal glucosamine, and a very long chain omega-1 hydroxy fatty acid, 27-hydroxyoctacosanoic acid (27OHC28:0). The 27OHC28:0 moiety is common in lipid A's among members of ...