Let G = (V,E) be a graph with p vertices and q edges. G is said to have skolem difference mean labeling if it is possible to label the vertices x ∈ V with distinct elements f(x) from 1, 2, 3, ..., p+ q in such a way that for each edge e = uv, let f∗(e) = l |f(u)−f(v)| 2 m and the resulting labels of the edges are distinct and are from 1, 2, 3, ..., q. A graph that admits a skolem difference mea...

Previously, vitamin K was recognized solely as a cofactor for blood clotting. However, the discovery of vitamin K-dependent proteins (VKDPs) led to a more comprehensive understanding of vitamin K’s role with respect to bone and cardiovascular health. Research has demonstrated that high intakes of vitamin K2 (but not K1), through its activation of the VKDP Matrix Gla Protein (MGP), is associated...

Vitamin K is a cofactor required for post-translational gamma-carboxylation of vitamin K-dependent proteins, including coagulation and anti-coagulation factors; osteocalcin (OC), essential for bone metabolism; and matrix Gla proteins (MGP), an inhibitor of artery calcification. In addition to activation of OC, vitamin K2 induces collagen accumulation in the bone matrix. The principle effects of...

We characterized the interactions of various compounds with OAT-K1 and OAT-K2, kidney-specific organic anion transporters. By using Madin-Darby canine kidney cells stably transfected with OAT-K1 or OAT-K2 cDNA, the antitumor drug methotrexate, the mycotoxin ochratoxin A, endogenous organic anions (thyroid hormones, taurocholic acid, and conjugated steroids), and the antiretroviral drug zidovudi...

Selective killing of tumor cells is an important goal for cancer therapeutics. The tumor suppressor transcription factor p53 is absent or mutated in more than 50% of human tumors. Thus, determining approaches that use p53 status to regulate therapy may be an important strategy for attaining cancer selectivity. We have shown previously that a designed transcriptional repressor, K2-5F, strongly a...

Consider a dynamic set of points in the plane having different colors. Let K1 and K2 be two keys according to which points may be sorted, e.g. the xand the y-coordinate. A point p ∈ S is called proper with respect to a query point p0 ∈ S iff K1(p0) < K1(p), K2(p0) < K2(p), and if p has a different color than p0. We present the colored quadrant priority search tree (CQPST) which supports the eff...