This paper is the first in a series of three papers investigating the detailed geometry of river networks. Branching networks are a universal structure employed in the distribution and collection of material. Large-scale river networks mark an important class of two-dimensional branching networks, being not only of intrinsic interest but also a pervasive natural phenomenon. In the description o...

Background and objectives: The association of oral micro-organisms with infectious diseases such as bacterial endocarditis is a concern in dentistry. Bacterial endocarditis is a serious disease with a mortality rate of 40%. The present study was conducted to investigate the effect of using chlorhexidine mouthwash on concentrations of some groups of bacteria in gingival sulcus, which is the main...

This paper presents a simple, one-dimensional model of a randomly advected passive scalar. The model exhibits anomalous inertial range scaling for the structure functions constructed from scalar differences. The model provides a simple computational test for recent ideas regarding closure and scaling for randomly advected passive scalars. Results suggest that high order structure function scali...

The scaling of social entrepreneurial impact is an important issue in the field of social entrepreneurship. While researchers have focused relatively little theoretical and empirical attention on scaling, a recently proposed set of drivers of scaling – incorporated into what has been labeled the SCALERS model – may provide guidance for new theoretical and empirical work on scaling of social imp...

We study a hydrodynamic limit approach to move-to-front rules, namely, a scaling limit as the number of items tends to infinity, of the joint distribution of jump rate and position of items. As an application of the limit formula, we present asymptotic formulas on search cost probability distributions, applicable for general jump rate distributions.

The exact joint multifractal distribution for the scaling and winding of the electrostatic potential lines near any conformally invariant scaling curve is derived in two dimensions. Its spectrum f(alpha,lambda) gives the Hausdorff dimension of the points where the potential scales with distance r as H approximately r(alpha) while the curve logarithmically spirals with a rotation angle phi=lambd...

A statistical test is described for determining if scaling exponents vary over time. It is applicable to diverse scaling phenomena including long range dependence and exactly self-similar processes in a uniform framework, without the need for prior knowledge of the type in question. It is based on the special properties of wavelet-based estimates of the scaling exponent, strongly motivating an ...