An Excel (v 7.0) spreadsheet was created to simplify balancing winter diets (energy and protein), estimating feed needs and evaluating the impact of winter feeding programs on annual cow cost and calf break-even price by using inputs readily found on the farm (e.g., forage test results, accounting and production records). The spreadsheet operates on the substitution method and requires the foll...

We investigate the findings in several recent studies using plantlevel data that report negative growth in the reallocation component of aggregate labor productivity growth. This empirical finding is also counter to almost all theoretical models of aggregate productivity growth, where inputs reallocate on average from the lower value to higher value activities. We attempt to solve this puzzle f...

Cotton (Gossypium spp.) is the unique, most important natural fiber crop in the world that brings significant economic income, with an annual average ranging from $27 – 29 billion worldwide from lint fiber production (Campbell et al., 2010). The worldwide economic impact of the cotton industry is estimated at ~$500 billion/yr with an annual utilization of ~115-million bales or ~27-million metri...

Cost function and factor demand estimation and measurement are among the most useful tools in economic analysis. This paper defines cost function flexibility in a new way that extends results and concepts from consumer demand theory to models of joint production. This applies to production models where input demand equations can be represented in terms of input prices, quasi-fixed inputs, and c...

OBJECTIVES We aimed to estimate the total mean annual treatment cost of different therapy options for patients with moderate-to-severe rheumatoid arthritis (RA) in Greece. METHODS A cost-minimization approach was adopted. An economic model was developed to estimate the direct costs of the three widely used treatments within a 1-year time horizon, from a health care payer perspective, either f...

U sing daily data, this study examined asymmetric pass-through of Iran’s oil price to banking stock index in Tehran Stock Exchange at different time horizons. Based on the results, the coefficient of long-run pass-through of oil price to banking stock index was estimated to be 0.63. Furthermore, based on the short-term ARDL-CECM models, the relationship between the positive component...

In the present study annual exposure and inhalation dose due to radon and its progeny were measured in some selected dwellings of Hardoi District (U.P.) by using solid state nuclear track detector (LR 115 Type-II Plastic track detector). The measurement was repeated on a time integrated four quarterly cycles to cover all the four seasons (summer, rainy, autumn & winter) of the calendar year. Th...

agricultural activities are risky activities. in these activities, various natural, social and economic risks have created fragile and vulnerable situation for producers. price risk in agricultural products has caused financial problems for many producers and farmers. to deal with these price risks and price fluctuations, there are varieties of tools. this paper focused on futures markets instr...

The operation and longevity of hydropower dams are often negatively impacted by sedimentation. Forest conservation can reduce soil erosion, and therefore efforts to maintain upstream forest cover within a watershed contribute to the economic life span of a hydropower facility. The cost of forest conservation can be viewed as an investment in hydropower and be financed via a payment for ecosyste...