BACKGROUND Eprosartan is an angiotensin II receptor antagonist, used in the treatment of hypertension and heart failure in clinical patients. The objective of this study was to clarify the mechanism underlying hepatic uptake and biliary excretion of eprosartan in rats and humans. METHODS Perfused rat liver in situ, rat liver slices, isolated rat hepatocytes and human organic anion-transportin...

The metabolic pathway for the synthesis of guanidinosuccinic acid was studied in the rat. Labeled guanidinosuccinic acid was isolated from the urine of animals given L-[guanidino-14C]arginine intraperitoneally but did not appear in the urine after administration of D,L-[guanidino-14C]canavanine. Radioactive arginine and nonradioactive aspartic acid and arginine were infused in the isolated, per...

liver injury induced by viruses, chemicals and drugs can be protected by different medicinal plants. Feijoa sellowiana (Myrtaceae) is an evergreen bush native to southern areas of South America, as well as Iran where the fruits are very popular. Feijoa has shown a potent antimicrobial effect. Morever, the antioxidant activity of total Feijoa extract has also been reported. MDMA or ecstasy is a ...

liver injury induced by viruses, chemicals and drugs can be protected by different medicinal plants. Feijoa sellowiana (Myrtaceae) is an evergreen bush native to southern areas of South America, as well as Iran where the fruits are very popular. Feijoa has shown a potent antimicrobial effect. Morever, the antioxidant activity of total Feijoa extract has also been reported. MDMA or ecstasy is a ...

The effects of different concentrations of the hydroalcoholic extract of dried powdered leaves of Cichorium intybus L., on CCl4-induced hepatotoxicity in vivo in rats and CCl4-induced cytotoxicity in isolated rat hepatocytes were investigated. Rats received different concentrations of the extract by i.p. injection for 3 consecutive days before the injection of (3ml/kg) CCl4 (i.p.). Twenty four ...

Phenformin causes lactic acidosis in clinical situations due to inhibition of mitochondrial respiratory chain complex I. It is reportedly taken up by hepatocytes and exhibits mitochondrial toxicity in the liver. In this study, uptake of phenformin and [(14)C]tetraethylammonium (TEA) and complex I inhibition by phenformin were examined in isolated liver and heart mitochondria. Uptake of phenform...

The effect of estrogen on plasma membrane was investigated using the primary cultured rat hepatocytes treated with carbon tetrachloride (CCl4) and the isolated plasma membrane of rat liver. 17 beta-Estradiol (E2), at concentrations of 10(-10) M to 10(-4) M, 10(-8) M to 10(-6) M and 10(-12) M to 10(-4) M, had an inhibitory effect on the CCl4-induced leakage of glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase, ...

2-14C-Mevalonic acid has been incubated with a rat liver homogenate in the presence of the inhibitor frans-1,4bis(2 chlorobenzylaminoethyl) cyclohexanedihydrochloride yielding 1,7,15,22 ,26-14CS-cholesta-5,7-dien3@-01, which was reduced with lithium and ammonia to 14Cs-5ar-cholest-7en-30-01 (A’-cholestanol). Separation from endogenous cholesterol was achieved by oxidation with chromic acid, and...

Evidence has been presented to show that in rat liver preparations serine is probably condensed with homocysteine to yield cystathionine which is then cleaved to cysteine (1). Employing N16-labeled serine, Stetten found the isotopic nitrogen in the cystine isolated from rat tissues (2). These data served as the basis for the suggestion that the carbons of cystine originate from those of serine....

The liver is capable of storing large quantities of vitamin A in ester form (1). However, some uncertainty still exists concerning both the composition of liver vit,amin A ester and the ability of the liver to esterify vitamin A. Vitamin A palmitate was isolated from fish liver many years ago (a), and recently it has been suggested that this ester is the principal if not exclusive (3, 4) ester ...