this research surveys the relationship between elements of identity and foreign policy indicators in the islamic republic of iran (i.r.i.). for this purpose, at first it explains constructivism theory because of the essence of i.r.i constitution and islamic-iranian norms and values in foreign policy. according to this approach, these values and norms shape the i.r.i. identity, and identity dete...

Whilst E-Commerce is spreading world-wide, many Muslims are wondering whether this new form of commerce is acceptable from the Syariah (Islamic Law) point of view. Thus, this research paper is meant to study the Islamic perspectives in e-commerce, particularly in its transaction, as well as the rights of the producers and customers. Issues on the legality of E-Commerce in Islam are examined to ...

Small Medium Enterprises (SMEs) have significant role in employment creation and growth of gross domestic products of developing country. In the case of Indonesia, SMEs account for more than 90 percents of all company and in employment [1]. However, in order to grow and contribute more significantly to the economy, SMEs face some constraints. One of the main constraints faced by SMEs is the lac...

Islam places the highest emphasis on ethical values in all aspects of human life. In Islam, ethics governs all aspects of life. Ethical norms and moral codes discernible from the verses of the Qur’an and the Hadith are numerous, far reaching and comprehensive. Islamic business ethics is essential for SME industry. The challenge of Islamic business ethics is to make that inevitable ethical decis...

Islamic banking is a growing phenomenon which came into existence to satisfy the nan-cial needs of devout Muslims who observe the prohibition of interest-based transactions. Many economists have studied the macroeconomic properties of this institution in the framework of an isolated and ideal Islamic economy. In this age of integrated global nancial markets, the instantaneous transformation of ...

No doubt life in its all forms enjoys a very high status in Islam. Human life is one of the most sacred creatures of God. Therefore, it must be appreciated, respected and protected. In this regard, the paper refers to different parts. The first part studies the value of life in Islam. It helps to understand why life must be appreciated and respected. The second part sheds some light on the natu...

Since the 1980s, Islamic scholars and medical experts have used the tools of Islamic law to formulate ethico-legal opinions on brain death. These assessments have varied in their determinations and remain controversial. Some juridical councils such as the Organization of Islamic Conferences' Islamic Fiqh Academy (OIC-IFA) equate brain death with cardiopulmonary death, while others such as the I...