PURPOSE To compare the degree of surgical-field contamination in cataract surgeries between a new draping method using a lid speculum with a drape (LiDrape(®)) and a conventional draping method. METHODS Cataract surgery was performed on 21 eyes using LiDrape(®) (LiDrape(®) group) and on 22 eyes using a conventional draping method (conventional group). Contamination was evaluated by bacterial ...

the importance of groundwater as a source of water supply in arid, semi –arid areas in recent years due to the uncontrolled exploitation of groundwater have been doubled. uncontrolled exploitation has been caused a drop in the water table in many areas of the country, including this region. with replace methods of modern irrigation instead of traditional irrigation methods can prevent drop the ...

* Corresponding author. [email protected] Abstract – Previous studies have shown that irrigation can impact the near-surface climate, but none refer to the differences in the impacts of irrigation types such as flooding and spraying. In this study, we add a novel irrigation module to the recently released community land model 4.0 and simulate irrigation in two ways: first, by spraying water...

A comparison of decision rules has been made for case studies of corn production using subsurface drip irrigation under three agricultural management practices (no irrigation, uniform irrigation, and variable rate irrigation). The uniform irrigation strategy appeared to perform the best than the other two management practices under different risk scenarios.

INTRODUCTION Single-stream hydro-jet dissection is increasingly used in various laparoscopic procedures, but its use requires special equipment. We describe a simple method for using an irrigation system for saline-jet tissue dissection as a useful adjunct prior to adhesiolysis. MATERIAL AND METHODS Intraabdominal adhesions prolong laparoscopic procedures, because tissue planes are difficult ...

Inoculation of plant pathogenic bacteria in field plots has been improved by the use of organosilicone surfactants. Factors, such as cultivars, number of applications, crop stage, plant density, concentration of bacteria, and irrigation application method (overhead spray versus drop hoses), that may affect field screening of cotton cultivars for resistance to bacterial blight caused by Xanthomo...

The economic value of irrigation water was determined through Contingency Valuation Method and Crop-Water Production function during wet and dry season of paddy cultivation. Factors namely, area under rice and water requirement influenced the willingness to pay for water by farmers. Social values of farmers’ over water were found to be high. The comparison of the economic value of water estimat...

BACKGROUND As a method of treatment for a dropped lens nucleus, which occurred during cataract surgery, the dropped lens nucleus was removed through the corneal wound without using pars plana vitrectomy (PPV). After vitrectomy, the dropped lens nucleus was floated on the perfluorocarbon liquid (PFCL). The floating lens nucleus was then phacoemulsified and aspirated. During surgery, irrigation f...

This paper describes a Geographic Information System (GIS)-based method of estimating the water balance as applied to a coastal aquifer near Bowen, Queensland, Australia, using the ten interactive steps in development and evaluation of environmental models of Jakeman et al. [2006]. The 220 km Bowen irrigation area is data-rich with 260 observation bores plus stream gauging, metering of irrigati...