The purpose of the paper is to raise a question of whether it is possible to regard the global internet-based antiwar/peace movement as a challenger to the premises of the U.S. foreign policy and U.S. power. The anti-war movement, like most transnational social movement organizations (TSMOs), does not possess much hard power but in terms of soft power, which has become increasingly important in...

The much awaited Chilcot report focused on the legitimacy of the UK going to war in Iraq. But the UK citizens most directly affected by the war were members of the armed forces and their families. A total of 179 British service personnel were killed in the conflict, and manymore received life changing physical and mental injuries. TheMinistry Of Defence reports a total of 5970 casualties, inclu...

during eight years of war, military commanders had the burden of planning and directing different operations on their shoulders. they witnessed many events and incidents and were aware of many important and less important issues of the war. in fact, they themselves are a part of iran-iraq war history. however, iranian commanders have not been so willingness to write about the history of this wa...

The present study concerns editing of translations in Iran during the Iran-Iraq War,which in the official discourse of the country is known as the Sacred Defense. Itargues that editing, in its local sense, advocated a linguistic purism inspired by aredefined nationalism, which went hand in hand with identity politics andsnowballed into a movement of resistance.